integrated urban management means adopting a holistic approach to urban management and designing appropriate mechanisms for this approach’s requirements in practice. the integration of the urban activities brings together organizational , structural and institutional activities and action in which the urban development is supported. in order to achieve integration, it is essential to identify f...

this paper deals with the importance of regionalism in iran's foreign policy. some of the existing outlooks view the characteristics of iran's power structure and politics in such a way that make any security-political, economic and cultural coalition and cooperation difficult in the region. but the author holds that political, security and geopolitical changes in the middle east regi...

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since 1962 and despite a lot of changes in american policies and international political system during these years, u.s foreign policy toward cuba was fixed and based on containment and pressuring on its government. power of cuban lobby is one of the most important reasons of this matter. sources of power and the way this lobby was formed, its political agenda and considerable successes in u.s ...

after collapse of the soviet :union:, russia is faced with strategic vaccum in its foreign policy for a time. thus, we were witnessing a period of unstable, inactive and reactionary policy- making in russian foreign policy while the us was expanding its influence on the russian periphery. but in putin's administration, the russian foreign policy has evolved dramatically. putin put the infl...

Under their initiative on Global Health and Foreign Policy, launched in September, 2006, in New York, the Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Brazil, France, Indonesia, Norway, Senegal, South Africa, and Thailand issued the following statement in Oslo on March 20, 2007-In today's era of globalisation and interdependence there is an urgent need to broaden the scope of foreign policy. Together, we fa...