Accumulating evidence indicates integration of dopamine function with metabolic signals, highlighting a potential role for dopamine in energy balance, frequently construed as modulating reward in response to homeostatic state. Though its precise role remains controversial, the reward perspective of dopamine has dominated investigation of motivational disorders, including obesity. In the hypothe...

The present study made an attempt to analyze the existing buying behaviour of Instant Food Products by individual households and to predict the demand for Instant Food Products of Hyderabad city in Andra Padesh .All the respondents were aware of pickles and Sambar masala but only 56.67 per cent of respondents were aware of Dosa/Idli mix. About 96.11 per cent consumers of Dosa/Idli mix and more ...

The energy expenditure of endotherms is influenced by body size, climate, and food habits. Body size is the most important factor determining basal rates of metabolism and thermal conductances. The interaction of these two parameters produces a temperature differential between an endotherm and its environment at the lower limit of thermoneutrality that normally increases with body weight. Great...

Comprehension of the factors that affect energy balance is of key importance in understanding the regulation of body mass. Energy balance is determined, on the one hand, by energy consumption and, on the other, by energy expenditure. When these factors are not in equilibrium, it may result in an excessive accumulation or reduction of the energy stored endogenously as body fat. However, obesity ...

Using a systematic review of all available studies between 1991 and 2011, the prevalence of food insecurity in the Islamic Republic of Iran was estimated. After document evaluation and data aggregation, studies were analysed in separate categories based on the methods used: dietary recall, household income/expenditure or experiential/perception-based surveys. Meta-analysis of dietary-recall stu...

As a creeping process, salinisation represents a significant long-term environmental risk in coastal and deltaic environments. Excess soil salinity may exacerbate existing risks of food insecurity in densely populated tropical deltas, which is likely to have a negative effect on human and ecological sustainability of these regions and beyond. This study focuses on the coastal regions of the Gan...

A major limitation in nutritional science is the lack of understanding of the nutritional intake of free-living people. There is an inverse relationship between accuracy of reporting of energy intake by all current nutritional methodologies and body weight. In this pilot study we aim to explore whether using a novel lightweight, wearable micro-camera improves the accuracy of dietary intake asse...

Experimental manipulation of foraging costs per food reward can be used to study the plasticity of physiological systems involved in energy metabolism. This approach is useful for understanding adaptations to natural variation in food availability. Earlier studies have shown that animals foraging on a fixed reward schedule decrease energy intake and expenditure. However, the extent to which the...