We present a simplified and fast method for simulating minor mergers between galaxy clusters. Instead of following the evolution of the dark matter halos directly by the N-body method, we employ a rigid potential approximation for both clusters. The simulations are run in the rest frame of the more massive cluster and account for the resulting inertial accelerations in an optimised way. We test...

The focus of the present paper is on the development of a finite element formulation to investigate the sloshing of liquids in partially filled rigid rectangular tanks undergoing base excitation. The liquid domain is discretized into two-dimensional four-node rectangular elements with the liquid velocity potential representing the nodal degrees of freedom. Liquid sloshing effects induced by bot...

The performance of a two stage control design scheme on the control of liquid outpouring and the suppression of liquid sloshing during the outpouring phase of the pouring process is studied for the case of liquid containers carried by manipulators. The designed scheme, that does not require measurements of the liquid’s motion within the tank, combines a partial inverse dynamics controller with ...

We present a drift kinetic model for the free expansion of thermal plasma out magnetic nozzle. This problem relates to space propulsion systems, natural environments such as solar wind, and end losses from expander region mirror magnetically confined fusion concepts gas dynamic trap. The incorporates trapped passing orbit types encountered in geometry maps an upstream distribution. boundary con...

Partially filled liquid-carrying tanks have been used in many engineering applications, such as ships, vehicle fuel tanks, rockets, and drink or petroleum tankers. Liquid sloshing is an exciting phenomenon that researchers are investigating because of its complex behavior specifications. In this study, the responses a prismatic tank with approximate volume automobile under different laterally h...

The problem of dynamic coupling between a rectangular container undergoing planar pendular oscillations and its interior potential fluid sloshing is studied. Neumann boundary-value for the motion inside deduced from Bateman–Luke variational principle. governing integro-differential equation suspended container, single rigid pivoting rod, Euler–Lagrange forced pendulum. rigid-body partial differ...

In this work, we present a new monolithic strategy for solving fluid–structure interaction problems involving incompressible fluids, within the context of the finite element method. This strategy, similar to the continuum dynamics, conserves certain properties, and thus provides a rational basis for the design of the time-stepping strategy; detailed proofs of the conservation of these propertie...

We propose a control design scheme that aims to prevent undesirable liquid outpouring and suppress sloshing during the forward and backward tilting phases of the pouring process, for the case of liquid containers carried by manipulators. The proposed scheme combines a partial inverse dynamics controller with a PID controller, tuned with the use of a “metaheuristic” search algorithm. The “metahe...