Plants have developed sophisticated systems to adapt to local conditions during evolution, domestication and natural or artificial selection. The selective pressures of these different growing conditions have caused significant genomic divergence within species. The flowering time trait is the most crucial factor because it helps plants to maintain sustainable development. Controlling flowering...

The low digestibility of fiber in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) limits dry matter intake and energy availability ruminant animal production systems. Previously, plants were identified for or high rapid (16 h) potential (96 vitro neutral detergent (IVNDFD) plant stems. Here, two cycles bidirectional selection 16 h 96 IVNDFD carried out. resulting populations evaluated total herbage, percentage st...

Gibberellins (GAs) affect flowering in a species-dependent manner: in long-day and biennial plants they promote flowering, whereas in other plants, including fruit trees, they inhibit it. The mechanism by which GAs promote flowering in Arabidopsis is not fully understood, although there is increasing evidence that they may act through more than one pathway. In citrus, GA treatment during the fl...

BACKGROUND Allelic variation at the FRIGIDA (FRI) locus is a major contributor to natural variation of flowering time and vernalization requirement in Arabidopsis thaliana. Dominant FRI inhibits flowering by activating the expression of the MADS box transcriptional repressor FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), which represses flowering prior to vernalization. Four FRI orthologues had been identified in th...

background & aim: german chamomile is one of the most important medicinal plants. so, assessment of genetic diversity and relationship among the traits are very essential in chamomile breeding programs. determination of the best indirect selection criteria for genetic improvement of essence percent and dry flower yield of german chamomile (matricaria chamomilla l.) populations was investiga...

A great number of plants synchronize flowering with day length. In rice (Oryza sativa), photoperiod is the primary environmental cue that triggers flowering. Here, we show that the s73 mutant, identified in a gamma-irradiated Bahia collection, displays early flowering and photoperiodic insensitivity due to a null mutation in the PHOTOPERIOD SENSITIVITY5 (SE5) gene, which encodes an enzyme impli...

Trifolium subterraneum L. subsp. yanninicum is a pasture legume that widely grown in medium and high rainfall areas of southern Australia shows waterlogging tolerance. This study investigated diversity within corresponding to eco-geographic variables, which may help identify adapted parents with new traits for genetic improvement. Diversity 10 morphological traits, flowering time leaf isoflavon...

Latitudinal variation in climate is predicted to select for latitudinal differentiation in sensitivity to the environmental cues that signal plants to flower at the appropriate time for a given climate. In Arabidopsis thaliana, flowering is promoted by exposure to cold temperatures (vernalization), and several vernalization pathway loci are known. To test whether natural variation in vernalizat...

A study was conducted at the National Agriculture Research Center, Islamabad during summer 2001 on 27 genotypes of soybean to determine the correlation and path analyses of yield and its components. Significant differences among genotypes for characters viz., leaf area, chlorophyll content, first pod height, days to 50% flowering, days to flowering completion, days to pod initiation, days to 50...