The fleet assignment problem is an integral part of the airline planning process. Given a schedule of international flights and certain maintenance criteria required by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), the objective of the long haul fleet assignment problem is to assign aircraft of different fleet types to different flights such that operating costs are minimized. We develop a new for...

Spatial closures are widely used in marine conservation and fisheries management and it is important to understand their contribution to achieving management objectives. Many previous evaluations of closed area effects have used before-after comparisons, which, without controlling for a full range of factors, cannot ascribe changes in fleet behaviour to area closures per se. In this study we us...

In the recent article ‘Who was James Lind, and what exactly did he achieve’, Iain Milne refers to John Woodall’s, the Surgeon General of the East India Company, book The Surgions Mate published in 1617. Woodall recommended ensuring that ‘There is a good quantity of lemon juice sent in each ship’. Bowen et al. in their book ‘Monsoon Traders: The maritime world of the East India Company’ recount ...

This paper evaluates how gasoline prices influences the average fuel economy of the existing automobile fleet. Higher fuel price affects fleet composition in two ways: immediate purchase decisions of new, more fuel efficient, vehicles and scrappage of old fuel inefficient gas-guzzlers. Gasoline costs account for 65% of the total operating costs of driving an automobile. Rational forward-looking...

The vertical launch system (VLS) is the U.S. Navy’s premier missile launch system for surface ships. The VLS is modular, and its configuration is tailored to the individual ship. Depending on ship type or class, ship configurations have one or two launching systems. A ship can carry between 61 and 121 missiles. At the end of fiscal year 1993, about 73 systems were deployed on 46 ships; these nu...

There is uncertainty in the performance of wind energy installations due to unknowns in the local wind environment, machine response to the environment, and the durability of materials. Some of the unknowns are inherently independent from machine to machine while other uncertainties are common to the entire fleet equally. The FAROW computer software for fatigue and reliability of wind turbines ...