A single-copy 5.7 kilobase (kb) DNA fragment, termed Linum Insertion Sequence 1 (LIS-1), has been identified and characterized. This is one of the DNA changes associated with the environmentally induced heritable changes resulting in stable lines termed genotrophs in flax (Linum usitatissimum). The insertion sequence and its insertion site have been cloned from genomic libraries and sequenced. ...

Translocation of pathogen effector proteins into the host cell cytoplasm is a key determinant for the pathogenicity of many bacterial and oomycete plant pathogens. A number of secreted fungal avirulence (Avr) proteins are also inferred to be delivered into host cells, based on their intracellular recognition by host resistance proteins, including those of flax rust (Melampsora lini). Here, we s...

In recent years there has been an increasing tendency toward remediation of contaminated areas for agriculture purposes. The study described herein is part of a comprehensive, long-term characterization of crop plants grown in the area formerly contaminated with radioactivity. As a first step, we have established a quantitative map of proteins isolated from mature flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) ...

Plant chitinases (EC 3.2.1.14) and chitinase-like (CTL) proteins have diverse functions including cell wall biosynthesis and disease resistance. We analyzed the expression of 34 chitinase and chitinase-like genes of flax (collectively referred to as LusCTLs), belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 19 (GH19). Analysis of the transcript expression patterns of LusCTLs in the stem and other tissue...

A commonly used natural cellulose fiber (flax) and a regenerated (Lyocell) were at 20 wt% to reinforce polylactide stereocomplex (sc-PLA) composites. Composites prepared by melt compounding fibers an equivalent proportion of PLLA/PDLA, followed injection molding. The structures properties these two kinds fiber/sc-PLA composites compared evaluated. results showed that the total crystallinity cry...

Hybridization of natural fiber with synthetic to reinforce polymer matrix composites is an effective way increasing fatigue strength substantial amount bio-based content. Flax the strongest type bast fiber, possessing excellent mechanical and damping properties. Fatigue properties flax hybridized carbon reinforced were studied. inter-ply hybrid flax-carbon composite compared intra-ply through t...

Soil nematode community response to treatments of three, four-year crop rotations (spring wheat-pea-spring wheat-flax, spring wheat-green manure-spring wheat-flax, and spring wheat-alfalfa-alfalfa-flax) under conventional and organic management, and native tall grass restoration (restored prairie) were assessed in June 2003, and July and August 2004. The research site was the Glenlea Long-term ...

The Sudarium of Oviedo has been studied intensively with a petrographic (polarizing) microscope. It is composed of pure flax fibers, and they show the same characteristics as the Shroud of Turin. The technology used to prepare the linen cloth appears to be identical to that described for Roman times by Pliny the Elder (Natural History XIX, 3, 16-18). Flax fibers are mostly crystalline cellulose...

The present work aims at the chemical characterization of several non-woody fibers from herbaceous plants used for manufacturing high quality paper pulps, with especial emphasis in the composition of lignin and lipophilic compounds. Among the fibers studied are bast fibers from flax, hemp, kenaf and jute and leaf fibers from abaca and sisal. Flax and hemp showed the lowest lignin content (< 5%)...