All vaccines that are prepared in chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) contain a low level of particle-associated reverse transcriptase (RT) activity, which is produced from the avian cell substrate. The RNAs present in the particles have sequence homology to viral DNAs belonging to the ancient endogenous avian virus (EAV) family or to the avian sarcoma-leukosis virus (ALV)-related subgroup E endo...

Clinical responses of patients with blastomycosis to treatment with hamycin have been variable. An explanation for this was sought in a series of studies in which in vitro and in vivo susceptibilities to hamycin of five strains of Blastomyces dermatitidis were compared. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of hamycin for the five strains indicated uniformly high levels of in vitro susceptibility (...

Fraction of end tidal exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) has been introduced as a non-invasive marker of airway inflammation in patients with asthma and may have value in monitoring disease activity in patients with sarcoidosis. This pilot study explored: 1) feasibility of the multiple flow rates maneuver to estimate alveolar (C(AlV)NO) and airway wall (J(AW)NO) NO in patients with sarcoidosis; and 2)...

Immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to test for the presence of avian leukosis virus (ALV) J viral antigen gp85 and proviral DNA, respectively, in various tissues (adrenal gland, bone marrow, gonad, heart, kidney, liver, lung, pancreas, proventriculus, sciatic nerve, spleen, and thymus). Tissues were collected from 32-week-old commercial meat-type and Avian Diseas...

Background: Probiotics are living organisms that are beneficial for human health. Lactobacillus species has been considered as probiotic bacteria due to their adjustment of human immune responses and therapeutic effects in inflammatory disorders. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus probiotic strains on toll-like receptors (TLR2 and TLR4) expression in HT29 ...

In recent years, the area of plastic-mulched farmland (PMF) has undergone rapid growth and raised remarkable environmental problems. Therefore, mapping the PMF plays a crucial role in agricultural production, environmental protection and resource management. However, appropriate data selection criteria are currently lacking. Thus, this study was carried out in two main plastic-mulching practice...

The transcription factor Blimp-1 has emerged as a regulator of cell fate in embryonic (germ cell) and adult (Band T-cell immune effector and epithelial) lineages. It has also been proposed to act as a tumor suppressor in B-cell malignancy. Here, we present a novel in vivo system enabling the targeted genetic manipulation of cells expressing Prdm1, the gene encoding Blimp-1. We created bacterial...

Background: Toxoplasmosis is one of the most important food-borne diseases distributed worldwide. In order to determinate the involvement of poultry meat in clinical toxoplasmosis, this study aimed to genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii in tissue samples of serologically positive chickens of Tunisia using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Methods: Trail of isolation of local T. gondii...

Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) has induced serious clinical outbreaks and has become a serious infectious disease of chickens in China. We describe here the creation of a recombinant ALV-J tagged with the enhanced green fluorescent protein (named rHPRS-103EGFP). We successfully utilize the rHPRS-103EGFP to visualize viral infection and for development of a simplified serum-neutralizati...