BACKGROUND The EQ-5D is one of the most used generic health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) instruments worldwide. To make the EQ-5D suitable for use in economic evaluations, a societal-based value set is needed. Indonesia does not have such a value set. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to derive an EQ-5D-5L value set from the Indonesian general population. METHODS A representative sampl...

I speak as one who has been engaged in the educational field in respect of mental health for the last twenty-five years. When my interest in this subject started, early in the 'twenties, it was certainly a practically unknown field, and those of us who have worked in it will realize that we have had not only to try to build up something but to break down something?something which is still not c...

A total of 201 complete television frames of Mars were returned by Mariners 6 and 7 in late July and early August of 1969. During the subsequent year over 3500 different versions of those frames were generated by computer processing involving the production of about 35,000 individual photographic prints and large amounts of computer printout as well. This extensive data processing and distribut...

For over twenty-five years, the Reference Monitor Concept [1] has proved itself to be a useful tool for computer security practitioners. It can also be used as a conceptual tool in computer security education. This paper describes a computer security education program at the Naval Postgraduate School that has used the Reference Monitor concept as a unifying principle for courses, laboratory wor...

The comparatively small but seriously lethal epidemic ?f virulent or " malignant" diphtheria described in this article exhibited certain unusual clinical and bacteriological characteristics which were thought to of sufficient general interest to warrant recording. The cases comprised a series of 40 in number from the middle of January, 1929, to May 14th, 1929. There were 22 males and 18 females...

In reviewing this subject briefly, one finds that at the turn of the century, "infantile paralysis," as it was then called, was considered to be "rather rare after the age of six."' Indeed more than 50 per cent of the cases were under two years of age. In one of the earliest epidemics in the United States, occurring in Vermont in 1894, 90 out of the 120 cases whose ages were given were under th...

OBJECTIVES We propose an automatic breast mass detection algorithm in three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound (US) images using the Hough transform technique. METHODS One hundred twenty-five cropped images containing 68 benign and 60 malignant masses are acquired with clinical diagnosis by an experienced radiologist. The 3D US images are masked, subsampled, contrast-adjusted, and median-filtered as...

"Predecisional information distortion" occurs when decision makers evaluate new information in a way that is biased towards their leading option. The phenomenon is well established, as is the method typically used to measure it, termed "stepwise evolution of preference" (SEP). An inadequacy of this method has recently come to the fore: it measures distortion as the total advantage afforded a le...

Value sets for the EQ-5D-5L are required to facilitate its use in estimating quality-adjusted life years. An international protocol has been developed to guide the collection of stated preference data for this purpose and has been used to generate EQ-5D-5L valuation data for England. The aim of this paper is report the innovative methods used for modelling those data to obtain a value set. Nine...