PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the deviation of landmarks from horizontal or midsagittal reference planes according to the methods of establishing reference planes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Computed tomography (CT) scans of 18 patients who received orthodontic and orthognathic surgical treatment were reviewed. Each CT scan was reconstructed by three methods for establishing three orthog...

PURPOSE To establish the surgical results and residual symptoms in 48 cases with unilateral congenital superior oblique muscle palsy that had surgical intervention to the vertical muscles alone. METHODS Myectomy and concomitant disinsertion of the inferior oblique (IO) muscle was performed in 38 cases and myectomy and concomitant IO disinsertion and recession of the superior rectus muscle in ...

OBJECTIVES To determine which, if any, of three inexpensive interventions improve gait regularity in patients with peripheral neuropathy (PN) while walking on an irregular surface under low-light conditions. DESIGN Observational. SETTING University of Michigan Biomechanics Research Laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Forty-two patients with PN (20 women), mean age+/-standard deviation=64.5+/-9.7. ...

PURPOSE Describe surgical treatment and results in a group of patients diagnosed and operated on of fat adherence syndrome following inferior oblique surgery. PATIENTS, MATERIAL AND METHODS Retrospective study of 6 cases diagnosed and treated of fat adherence syndrome following inferior oblique surgery. Mean age was 24.67 years (range, 5-41), 3 males, 5 unilateral and 1 bilateral. Mean vertic...

The results of squint surgery in 40 children with congenital esotropia are analysed. A 'favourable outcome' was achieved in 23 (57.5%) children. The factors affecting the final outcome including ocular alignment in the immediate postoperative period, age at the time of surgery, amblyopia, associated inferior oblique overaction, dissociated vertical deviation, latent or manifest latent nystagmus...

PURPOSE To evaluate the correction of hypertropia in primary position with unilateral inferior oblique (IO) anterior transposition (IOAT). METHODS Ten patients with idiopathic (nonparalytic, restrictive, or dissociated vertical deviation) hypertropia with marked IO overaction, who underwent unilateral IOAT, were prospectively evaluated to observe the correction of the hypertropia in primary p...

AIMS To assess the results of visual axis alignment following one stage adjustable suture surgery to correct vertical diplopia. METHOD Eight patients with a mean age of 44.9 years (range 16-80 years) complaining of vertical diplopia underwent rectus muscle recession under local anaesthesia with intraoperative adjustment of sutures. Diplopia was secondary to superior oblique paresis in four pa...

IMPORTANCE Septal deviation commonly occurs in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP); however, the contribution of the cartilaginous and bony septum to airway obstruction in skeletally mature patients is poorly understood. OBJECTIVES To describe the internal nasal airway anatomy of skeletally mature patients with CLP and to determine the contributors to airway obstruction. DESIGN, SETTIN...

Search performance for a target tilted in a known direction among vertical distractors is well explained by signal detection theory models. Typically these models use a maximum-of-outputs rule (Max rule) to predict search performance. The Max rule bases its decision on the largest response from a set of independent noisy detectors. When the target is tilted in either direction from the referenc...