PURPOSE Shoulder dislocation is a common joint dislocation managed by the emergency physicians in the emergency departments. Pre- and post-reduction radiographic examinations have long been the standard practice to confirm the presence of dislocation and the successful reduction. However, shoulder ultrasonography has recently been proposed as an alternative to the radiographic examination. This...

A 48-year-old Hispanic male presented to the emergency department for medication refill for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Upon presentation, the patient reported running out of insulin (Novolin) one month prior. The patient also noted increased swelling and pain in his right foot for approximately that same period of time. The patient denied any trauma to his right foot and reported pain...

Septic arthritis of the shoulder is uncommon in adults, and complete dislocation of the glenohumeral joint following septic arthritis is extremely rare. We report a case of pathologic shoulder dislocation secondary to septic arthritis in an intravenous drug abuser.

Recurrent dislocation of the patella probably has several causes. In many patients abnormal laxity of the knee is present and this may predispose to dislocation (Dc Palma 1954). A family has come to our notice in which three members suffered recurrent dislocation of the patella and a fourth had probably sustained a single dislocation. All the former had abnormally lax knees and most other joint...

Background and purpose - Although the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) is not well understood, chondrocyte-mediated inflammatory responses (triggered by the activation of innate immune receptors by damage-associated molecules) are thought to be involved. We examined the relationship between Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and OA in cartilage from 2 joints differing in size and mechanical loading:...

INTRODUCTION Computed Muscle Control (CMC) is an efficient method for estimating muscle activations and forces from kinematic and ground reaction force data [1]. However, it can fail to replicate some muscle activation characteristics found in electromographic (EMG) recordings. For instance, muscles often activate in anticipation of events such as heel strike, and these anticiptory responses ar...

A cadaver model was used to test the hypothesis that glenohumeral joint stability is independent of articular surface conformity after total shoulder arthroplasty. For the purposes of this study joint stability was defined as the minimum force required for joint dislocation. After arthroplasty components were implanted into fresh-frozen glenohumeral joints, specimens were mounted on a load fram...

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to determine changes in pressure sensitivity and pinch strength in patients with thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) osteoarthritis (OA) in the contralateral hand after unilateral Kaltenborn mobilization on the symptomatic hand. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty-nine females with dominant hand thumb CMC osteoarthritis participated (age 70-90), and were randomized into 2 ...

The knee has two joints, the tibio-femoral and the -patello-femoral, but until recent years the second has received relatively little attention. This neglect is surprising, because the importance of lesions of the extensor mechanism, and the need for a powerful quadriceps muscle, have long been appreciated. This article surveys first the methods of examination of the patello-femoral joint, then...