cept can serve as a basis for identifying subgroups that are in need of programmatic action. Unmet need rises as more women would like to control their fertility but for various reasons are unable to do so, and it falls as more start practicing contraception. However, high levels of unmet need in a country do not necessarily reflect program failure, nor do low levels always indicate program suc...

O NE hundred seventy-nine ewe lambs from a three-breed polyallel cross involving the Willamette, Suffolk and Hampshire breeds were used to study the genetic aspects of fertility. Ewe birth weight, ewe weight at mating and fertility were analyzed in relation to heterosis, general combining ability, maternal effect, reciprocal differences, and the effects of a hormone treatment. Treatment consist...

The present study was to improve the success for the cryopreservation of stallion spermatozoa, especially as the costs of using low post-thaw motility or sub-optimal fertility deters owners and breeders from using frozen semen. The aim was to develop a freezing extender/process that supports cell survivability throughout the freezing. Eleven stallions were collected and frozen in INRA 96 with t...

While ovarian tissue cryopreservation has commonly been equated with fertility preservation in cancer patients, there is a range of alternative options to preserve fertility. Based on the type and timing of chemotherapy, the type of cancer, the patient's age and the partner status, a different strategy of fertility preservation may be needed. If the patient has a partner or accepts donor sperm,...

BACKGROUND Because of improved survival rates and recent advances in reproductive medicine, fertility preservation methods in women of reproductive age with malignant or autoimmune diseases have risen in importance. METHODS Selective literature review based on the authors' clinical and scientific experience. RESULTS Fertility-preserving techniques are recommended for all girls and women up ...

Objective: To highlight the need and the potential for an integrated understanding of three key soil-based drivers of plant community structure and dynamics – soil fertility, soil heterogeneity, and microbes. Location: European and North American grasslands. Methods: Review and discussion of conceptual models and empirical literature, including examples of observational and manipulative studies...

When in-vitro fertilization (IVF) was introduced in the 1970s, doctors were criticized for not properly informing prospective users about its possible risks and limited success rates as well as for medicalizing fertility problems. Nowadays, many fertility clinics are seeking to improve their accountability to stakeholders through patient-centred practices. Based on an ethnographic study of a Du...

BACKGROUND Awareness of infertility risk factors is an essential first step to safeguard future fertility. Whereas several studies have examined university students' awareness of female fertility and related risk factors, the topic of male infertility has not been well examined. The objective of this study was to assess young men and women's awareness, knowledge and perceptions of infertility, ...

The discovery of progesterone (P4) and elucidation of the mechanisms of P4 action have an important place in the history of endocrinology and reproduction. Circulating P4 concentration is determined by a balance between P4 production, primarily by the corpus luteum (CL), and P4 metabolism, primarily by the liver. The volume of luteal tissue and number and function of large luteal cells are prim...

BACKGROUND The postponement of parenthood may increase the number of couples experiencing infertility and prolonged time to pregnancy. Previous research has revealed that childless people are not well informed regarding fertility, which may threat their childbearing intentions. This study aimed to examine fertility knowledge and childbearing intentions held by Portuguese people and their use an...