Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is defined as a lateral and rotational curvature of the spine with an unknown origin. Scoliosis is diagnosed based on age of onset and clinical presentation. Physicians measure curve severity by Cobb’s angle, which is marked on an x-ray. Participation is sports, which require compressive and tensile forces on the spine increase risk of back-related injury, includ...

BACKGROUND The literature on childhood and adolescent obesity is vast. In addition to producing a general overview, this paper aims to highlight gender differences or similarities, an area which has tended not to be the principal focus of this literature. METHODS Databases were searched using the terms 'obesity' and 'child', 'adolescent', 'teenager', 'youth', 'young people', 'sex', 'gender', ...

Adolescents are the age group at greatest risk for nearly all Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs). Adolescents are often at a higher risk for acquiring STIs because they are unable to conceptualize actions and their consequences. STIs are more prevalent among adolescent women than men, thus two thirds of newly infected adolescents aged 15-19 years are female. For reasons of biology, gender a...

Adolescents have been shown to be particularly sensitive to peer influence. However, the data supporting these findings have been mostly limited to the impact of peers on risk-taking behaviours. Here, we investigated the influence of peers on performance of a high-level cognitive task (relational reasoning) during adolescence. We further assessed whether this effect on performance was dependent...

Thyroid gland enlargement is a common problem in clinical practice. The clinical presentation and etiology of thyroid disorders differ substantially in adolescents from that in adults. Purpose: This study was conducted to describe clinical characteristics of adolescent patients referred for thyroid scan during 5-years period in Mansoura University Hospital. Methods: this retrospective study inc...

Early life adversity, such as postnatal maternal separation (MS), play a central role in the development of psychopathologies during individual ontogeny. In this study, we investigated the effects of repeated MS (4 h per day from postnatal day (PND) 1-21) on the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and the hippoc...

Evolutionary psychologists suggest that a preference for sexually dimorphic traits in human faces is an adaptation for mate choice, because such traits reflect health during development. For male faces, this claim rests on the immunocompetence-handicap hypothesis, which states that the increased testosterone levels needed to develop large masculine traits stress the immune system. We examined w...

BACKGROUND Adolescents rarely seek psychiatric help; they even hesitate to disclose their feelings to their parents. However; the adolescents especially the females experience depressive symptoms more frequently than general population. Do they experience classic depressive symptoms? Are there symptoms specific to this subpopulation? AIM OF THE STUDY Through this study, the authors aimed to e...

abstract background data on childhood and adolescent malignant tumors incidence are skimp in developing countries. in this study, we analyzed the incidence and trend of childhood and adolescent cancers in yazd city, center of iran between jan 2004 and dec 2013. materials and methods the various types of malignant tumors were grouped pursuant to the international classification for cancer in chi...

Recent research has highlighted the presence of Young's Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMSs) in individuals with an eating disorder (ED). This study assessed the EMSs reported by adolescent females with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) compared with a community group. Thirty-six adolescent females diagnosed with AN or subthreshold AN and 111 female secondary school students completed a questionnaire that incl...