When a semiconductor host is doped by a foreign element, it is inevitable that a volume change will occur in the doped system. This volume change depends on both the size and charge state difference between the dopant and the host element. Unlike the "common expectation" that if the host is deformed to the same size as the dopant, then the formation energy of the dopant would reach a minimum, o...

Size-selected cationic transition-metal-doped silicon clusters have been studied with x-ray absorption spectroscopy at the transition-metal L2,3 edges to investigate the local electronic structure of the dopant atoms. For VSi16 + , the x-ray absorption spectrum is dominated by sharp transitions which directly reveal the formation of a highly symmetric silicon cage around the vanadium atom. In s...

Controlling axial and radial dopant profiles in nanowires is of utmost importance for NW-based devices, as the formation of tightly controlled electrical junctions is crucial for optimization of device performance. Recently, inhomogeneous dopant profiles have been observed in vapor–liquid–solid grown nanowires, but the underlying mechanisms that produce these inhomogeneities have not been compl...

The study reports some preliminary investigations on the template free synthesis of a scantly investigated polyaniline (PANI) derivative-Phenylenediamine (PDA) by template free method in the presence of Oxalic acid (OA) (dopant), using Ammonium Persulfate as oxidant. Polymerization of Phenylenediamine (PDA) was confirmed by the FT-IR as well as UV–visible studies. The morphology of Phenylenedia...

The efficiencies of charge exchange reaction in dopant-assisted atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (DA-APCI) and dopant-assisted atmospheric pressure photoionization (DA-APPI) mass spectrometry (MS) were compared by flow injection analysis. Fourteen individual compounds and a commercial mixture of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were chosen as model analytes to cover a wide range of p...

The study reports some preliminary investigations on the template free synthesis of a scantly investigated polyaniline (PANI) derivative-Phenylenediamine (PDA) by template free method in the presence of Oxalic acid (OA) (dopant), using Ammonium Persulfate as oxidant. Polymerization of Phenylenediamine (PDA) was confirmed by the FT-IR as well as UV–visible studies. The morphology of Phenylenedia...

Oxides with the cubic fluorite structure, e.g., ceria (CeO2), are known to be good solid electrolytes when they are doped with cations of lower valence than the host cations. The high ionic conductivity of doped ceria makes it an attractive electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cells, whose prospects as an environmentally friendly power source are very promising. In these electrolytes, the current i...

Throughout the past decades, doped-ZnO has been widely used in various optical, electrical, magnetic, and energy devices. While almost every element in the Periodic Table was doped in ZnO, the systematic computational study is still limited to a small number of dopants, which may hinder a firm understanding of experimental observations. In this report, we systematically calculate the single-ele...

Changes in birefringence and dichroism induced by light were monitored after pulse excitation of a nematic phase consisting of a mixture of a low molecular weight liquid crystal (ZLI-1132) and a dopant 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)-azobenzene. After excitation in the UV, large changes in the light transmitted by the sample, placed between polarizers at various angles or in the polarized absorption spec...

Alkaline-earth metallic dopant can improve the performance of anatase TiO2 in photocatalysis and solar cells. Aiming to understand doping mechanisms, the dopant formation energies, electronic structures, and optical properties for Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba doped anatase TiO2 are investigated by using density functional theory calculations with the HSE06 and PBE functionals. By combining our result...