Livestock, particularly ruminants, can eat a wider range of biomass than humans. In the drive for greater efficiency, intensive systems of livestock production have evolved to compete with humans for high-energy crops such as cereals. Feeds consumed by livestock were analysed in terms of the quantities used and efficiency of conversion of grassland, human-edible ('edible') crops and crop by-pro...

To investigate the antigenic relationship between the macrophage and lymphocyte Fc receptors (FcR), a monoclonal antibody capable of blocking mouse macrophage Fc receptors was selected. Hybrids were formed by fusing the P3U1 mouse myeloma and spleen cells from a rat immunized with the mouse macrophage-like cell lines J774 and P388D1. The Fab fragment of the monoclonal IgG secreted by clone 2.4G...

Repetitive mirror symmetric bilateral upper limb may be a suitable priming technique for upper limb rehabilitation after stroke. Here we demonstrate neurophysiological and behavioural after-effects in healthy participants after priming with 20 minutes of repetitive active-passive bimanual wrist flexion and extension in a mirror symmetric pattern with respect to the body midline (MIR) compared t...

OBJECTIVE The study of PPAR-alpha activation on apoA-I production in humans has been limited to fibrates, relatively weak PPAR-alpha agonists that may have other molecular effects. We sought to determine the effect of a potent and highly specific PPAR-alpha agonist, LY518674, on apoA-I, apoA-II, and apoB-100 kinetics in humans with metabolic syndrome and low levels of HDL cholesterol (C). MET...

BACKGROUND Treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) has seen a substantial improvement over the last few years. Combination immunochemotherapy, such as fludarabine, cyclophosphamide and rituximab (FCR), is now standard first-line therapy. However, the majority of patients relapse and require further therapy, and so new, effective, targeted therapies that improve remission rates, reduce ...

An experiment was conducted to determine the growth performance of two Indian Major Carps Catla catla, and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings for period of 40 days. Nine experimental groups fed commercial pellet diet incorporated with three types of nutritional supplements (Gram positive lactobacil probiotic, Parry’s Spirulina and Vitamin C – Ascorbic acid) at different concentrations (2 %, 4 %, & 8...

OBJECTIVE We examined the influence of genetic variation of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter G8 on apolipoprotein B (apoB) kinetics in overweight/obese men. METHODS AND RESULTS Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apoB kinetics were determined in 47 men (body mass index 32+/-3 kg/m2) using stable isotope and multicompartmental modeling to estimate pr...

Enhancements in the strength of corticospinal projections to muscles are induced in conscious humans by paired associative stimulation (PAS) to the motor cortex. Although most of the previous studies support the hypothesis that the increase of the amplitude of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) by PAS involves long-term potentiation (LTP)-like mechanism in cortical synapses, changes in spinal excit...

In humans, the Fc receptor for IgG, FcgammaRIIA, is expressed on macrophages and platelets and may play an important role in the pathophysiology of immune-mediated thrombocytopenia. Mice lack the genetic equivalent of human FcgammaRIIA. To better understand the role of FcgammaRIIA in vivo, FcgammaRIIA transgenic mice were generated and characterized. One transgenic mouse line expressed FcgammaR...

Numerous studies have demonstrated that targeting Ag to Fc receptors (FcR) on APCs can enhance humoral and cellular immunity. However, studies are lacking that examine both the use of FcR-targeting in generating immune protection against infectious agents and the use of FcRs in the induction of mucosal immunity. Francisella tularensis is a category A intracellular mucosal pathogen. Thus, intens...