Abstract We study how the asymmetric geometry of thrust faults affects dynamics supershear ruptures and their associated trailing Rayleigh as they interact with free surface, investigate resulting near‐field ground motions. Earthquakes are mimicked by propagating laboratory along a frictional interface 61° dip angle. Using an experimental technique that combines ultrahigh‐speed photography digi...

Displacement-based methods are recognized as appropriate approaches to reach the goals of performance-based seismic design method. In the direct displacement-based seismic design method, the seismic yield displacement is applied as one of the important design parameters. In this paper, a new relation is suggested to determine the lateral displacement pattern at first yielding of eccentrically b...

Ground faults in photovoltaic (PV) systems pose a fire and shock hazard. To mitigate these risks, AC-isolated, DC grounded PV systems in the United States use Ground Fault Protection Devices (GFPDs), e.g., fuses, to de-energize the PV system when there is a ground fault. Recently the effectiveness of these protection devices has come under question because multiple fires have started when groun...

Amplification corrections are presented for the finite-fault stochastic ground-motion simulation model; these corrections represent the total effect of the Los Angeles basin on the ground-motion spectra. Spectral amplification ratios were calculated by dividing the observed spectra for the 1994 Northridge and 1987 Whittier Narrows earthquakes, including shearand basin-generated waves, by the si...

Sustainability addresses the need to reduce structure’s impact on environment but does not environment’s structure. To explore this relationship, study focuses quantifying of green roofs or vegetated seismic responses such as story displacements, interstory drifts, and floor level accelerations. Using an archetype three-story steel moment frame, nonlinear time history analyses are conducted in ...

This study presents a new method to find the optimal control forces for active tuned mass damper. The method uses three algorithms: discrete wavelet transform (DWT), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and linear quadratic regulator (LQR). DWT is used to obtain the local energy distribution of the motivation over the frequency bands. PSO is used to determine the gain matrices through the online ...

To simulate earthquake ground motion, we combine a multiple-point stochastic earthquake fault model and a suite of Green functions. Conceptually, our source model generalizes the classic one of Haskell (1966). At any time instant, slip occurs over a narrow strip that sweeps the fault area at a (spatially variable) velocity. This behavior defines seismic signals at lower frequencies (LF), and pr...

We have proposed a characterization method that can reproduce the velocity waveform using few parameters (characteristic values) while retaining characteristics of pulse-like ground motions observed near epicenter (velocity amplitude, pulse period, wavenumber, etc.). In this paper, based on Sugino et al., which be characterized easily and objectively, we propose takes phase into consideration. ...