A widespread grass carp hemorrhagic disease (GCHD) caused by grass carp reovirus (GCRV) has been known in China since 1983. A virulent reovirus strain, HZ08, was isolated from diseased grass carp in Zhejiang Province, China. We sequenced and analyzed the complete genome of strain HZ08 and compared it with published GCRV genome sequences, contributing to the evidence of several genotypes of GCRV...

Background: Sea foods contain high level of unsaturated fatty acids. The aim of this study is comparison of ώ3 and ώ6 levels in wild and farmed green tiger shrimp (P.semisulcatus). Materials and Methods: in this study 120 shrimps (wild=60 and farmed=60) selected. Analysis of Fatty acids was performed by Gas Chromatography. Two-factor variance difference analysis used for demonstration the effec...

BACKGROUND Rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) and anti-carbamylated protein (anti-CarP) antibodies are rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-associated autoantibodies. Besides their presence in human serum, anti-CarP antibodies have also been described in rodent models of arthritis, while ACPA are not consistently detectable. Data on these RA-associated autoantibodies in p...

OBJECTIVE The immune response to post-translationally modified antigens is a key characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis. Carbamylation is such a posttranslational modification. Recently, we demonstrated that autoantibodies recognizing carbamylated proteins are present in sera of rheumatoid arthritis. The molecular mechanisms underlying the break of tolerance and hence the induction of anti-CarP...

Objectives Anti-carbamylated protein (anti-CarP) antibodies are detected in RA patients. Fetal calf serum is used as an antigen source in anti-CarP ELISA, and the precise target antigens have not been found. We aimed to identify the target antigens of anti-CarP antibodies. Methods Western blotting of anti-CarP antibodies was conducted. Anti-carbamylated human albumin (CarALB) antibody was det...

The common carp is a candidate model system for immunology research. Using next-generation sequencing technology, we have generated a huge amount of sequence reads from the carp genome and transcriptome. Currently, our aim is to identify carp genes involved in the development of the innate immune response, particularly TIR domain-containing genes, from a preliminary genome assembly. To achieve ...

The Capacitated Arc Routing Problem with Refill Points (CARP-RP) is a new variant of the Capacitated Arc Routing Problem (CARP). In a CARP situation, the vehicle servicing arcs has a finite capacity, and hence has to return to the depot or a secondary station to be refilled (or emptied). In contrast, in the CARP-RP, the vehicle servicing arcs must be refilled on the spot by using a second vehic...

To identify the molecular pathways that guide cardiac ventricular chamber specification, maturation and morphogenesis, we have sought to characterize factors that regulate the expression of the ventricular myosin light chain-2 gene, one of the earliest markers of ventricular regionalization during mammalian cardiogenesis. Previously, our laboratory identified a 28 bp HF-la/MEF-2 element in the ...

This study was designed to compare the activities of sarcoplasmic (SR) Ca2+-ATPase and Ca2+ uptake in fish and mammalian hearts and to determine whether thermal acclimation has any effect on the function of the cardiac SR in fish. To this end, we measured thapsigargin-sensitive Ca2+-ATPase activity and thapsigargin-inhibitable Ca2+ uptake velocity in crude cardiac homogenates of newborn and adu...

The conditions encountered by Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., in aquaculture are markedly different from the natural environment. Typically, farmed salmon experience much higher densities than wild individuals, and may therefore have adapted to living in high densities. Previous studies have demonstrated that farmed salmon typically outgrow wild salmon by large ratios in the hatchery, but thes...