False working memories readily emerge using a visual item-recognition variant of the converging associates task. Two experiments, manipulating study and test modality, extended prior working memory results by demonstrating a reliable false recognition effect (more false alarms to associatively related lures than to unrelated lures) within seconds of encoding in either the visual or auditory mod...

Can susceptibility to false memory and suggestion increase dramatically with age? The authors review the theoretical and empirical literatures on this counterintuitive possibility. Until recently, the well-documented pattern was that susceptibility to memory distortion had been found to decline between early childhood and young adulthood. That pattern is the centerpiece of much expert testimony...

Caffeine increases false memory in nonhabitual consumers Caroline R. Mahoney a b , Tad T. Brunyé a b , Grace E. Giles a b , Tali Ditman a c , Harris R. Lieberman d & Holly A. Taylor a a Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA b US Army Natick Soldier Research, Development, and Engineering Center, Natick, MA, USA c Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Athin...

In two experiments, the response signal technique (Reed, 1973) was combined with the DRM paradigm (e.g., McDermott & Roediger, 1998) to investigate the time course of false recognition memory--in particular, how this effect varies along the time course of generating a recognition judgment. Across the experiments, in addition to standard instructions, there were forewarning instructions encourag...

Reduced false memory after sleep Kimberly M. Fenn, David A. Gallo, Daniel Margoliash, Henry L. Roediger III, and Howard C. Nusbaum Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA; Center for Cognitive and Social Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA; ...

The Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm lures people to produce false memories. Two experiments examined whether induced positive or negative moods would influence this false memory effect. The affect-as-information hypothesis predicts that, on the one hand, positive affective cues experienced as task-relevant feedback encourage relational processing during encoding, which should enhance false me...

False memories occur when individuals mistakenly report an event as having taken place when that event did not in fact occur. The DRM (Deese, 1959; Roediger & McDermott, 1995) paradigm provides an effective technique for creating and investigating false memories. In this paradigm participants study a list of words (e.g., SOUR, CANDY,. . .) that are highly associated to a non-presented critical ...