The third-formant (F3) transition of a three-formant /da/ or /ga/ syllable was extracted and replaced by sine-wave transitions that followed the F3 centre frequency. The syllable without the F3 transition (base) was always presented at the left ear, and a /da/ (falling) or /ga/ (rising) sine-wave transition could be presented at either the left, the right, or both ears. The listeners perceived ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The provision of affordable health care is generally considered a fundamental goal of a welfare state. In addition to its role in maintaining and improving the health status of individuals and households, it impacts the economic prosperity of a society through its positive effects on labor productivity. Given this context, this paper assesses socioeconomic-differential...

OBJECT To date, there has been no published study in which the focus was on the mechanisms of head injuries associated with snowboarding. The purpose of this study was to identify these mechanisms. METHODS The patient population consisted of 38 consecutive patients with snowboarding-related major head injuries who were treated at two hospitals in Japan, where for years many winter sports inju...

BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to determine who gets post-concussion syndrome (PCS) after mild traumatic brain injury or head injury. METHODS Patients presented within an hour of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Written informed consent was obtained from all patients, who then provided detailed answers to surveys at the time of injury as well as at 1 week and 1 month follow-up....

Based on the falling shadow theory, the concept of falling fuzzy (implicative) ideals as a generalization of that of a T ∧-fuzzy (implicative) ideal is proposed in MV-algebras. The relationships between falling fuzzy (implicative) ideals and T-fuzzy (implicative) ideals are discussed, and conditions for a falling fuzzy (implicative) ideal to be a T ∧-fuzzy (implicative) ideal are provided. Some...

We use i and i for the falling and rising factorials respectively and we adopt the convention a binomial coeÆcient is zero if either of its parameters is negative. Let Fn;r denote the n-by-n matrix (i 1) j i j 1 r 1 1 i;j n . Note that Fn;r is a block matrix 0 0 Gn;r 0 with Gn;r lower triangular of size n r. Let Hn;r denote the (n r)-by-(n r) lower triangular banded matrix ( 1) j) i 1 j 1 r j ...

OBJECTIVES This study aims to explore the prevalence of depression and anxiety in left-behind children, and to identify patterns of parents' migration and relative factors associated with depression and anxiety risk in this population. SETTING A cross-sectional survey using a school-based sample was conducted in Puyang, Hebei, North China in December 2012. PARTICIPANTS 2283 students aged 10...

We give eecient algorithms for listing equivalence classes of k-ary strings under reversal and permutation of alphabet symbols. As representative of each equivalence class we choose that string which is lexicographically smallest. These algorithms use space O(n) and time O(p kN), where N is the total number of strings generated and n is the length of each string. For k = 2, we obtain a recursiv...

Abstract Several determinants with gamma functions as elements are evaluated. This kind of determinants are encountered in the computation of the probability density of the determinant of random matrices. The s-shifted factorial is defined as a generalization for non-negative integers of the power function, the rising factorial (or Pochammer’s symbol) and the falling factorial. It is a special ...