background :hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease particularly in patients with end stage renal disease (esrd). vitamin b12 supplementation on its own still remains as a controversial issue for clinicians in decreasing the level of homcysteine in this group of patients.   methods : using all randomized controlled trials (rcts), clinical trials and pre-post-trial studi...

background: heart failure is a severe chronic disease and has a negative impact on the health-related quality of life (hrql). in addition to preventing disease progress, one of the important goals in heart failure treatment is to improve the patient’s quality of life. this study is aimed to compare three generic to specific quality of life instruments that are used in cardiac rehabilitation set...

December 2019 ended with the identification and development of an atypical pneumonia epidemic caused by unknown pathogen in Wuhan, China. At dawn 2020, at first week, on January 7, causative agent was isolated bronchial lavage sam-ples from a critically ill patient. Five days later, 12, Chinese health authorities made whole genome sequence new strain Coro-naviridae family public: SARS-CoV-2, am...

juanita hernandez is an 18-month-old hispanic, the younger of two children. juanita was at the 25th percentile for height and weight at birth, but both measurements fell to just below the 5th percentile during her first year. for the last 6 months however, her rate of growth has been normal and her height and weight curves lie parallel to just below the 5th percentile. juanita appears quite sma...

conclusions: left ventricular systolic heart failure, may result in inter and intra-atrial asynchrony even in clinically stable patients without significant pulmonary hypertension and diastolic dysfunction. results: in heart failure patients either inter or intra-atrial asynchrony were far more common in comparison with normal subjects (p=0.008 and p=0.007 respectively). patients and methods: t...

background and objective: cystinosis is a rare inherited disease that leads to renal failure. fanconi syndrome is the major renal involvement in cystinosis patients. renal transplantation is the treatment of choice in cystinosis children with end-stage renal disease (esrd).  the study aimed to assess the outcome of renal transplantation in iranian children with cystinosis. methods: this retrosp...

objective: hepatitis c virus is the major cause of viral hepatitis and its diagnosis in suspected specimens is of great importance. the risk of transfusion- transmitted virus infection is primarily the result of failure in serological screening tests to detect recently infected donors in the pre-seroconversion window period of infection. therefore, sensitive and accurate diagnosis of hcv prior ...

Supervised learning with next-step prediction is a common way to train a sequence prediction model; however, it suffers from known failure modes and is notoriously difficult to train models to learn certain properties, such as having a coherent global structure. Reinforcement learning can be used to impose arbitrary properties on generated data by choosing appropriate reward functions. In this ...