The previously published index of relative abundance of the northeastern offshore stock of spotted dolphins, the species most affected by the purse-seine fishery for tunas in the eastern Pacific Ocean, shows a decreasing trend in the last two decades despite dramatic reductions in incidental mortality since the early 1970s. To better understand the behaviour of this index, the effects of change...

A 65–yrs-old man referred for an ocular discomfort and red eye. The clinical diagnosis was leech in the left eye and its species confirmed as being Limnatis nilotica. Ocular leech infestation should be considered in patients with a history of swimming or washing their face in streams and lakes. Attention should also be given to ocular leech infestation in the differential diagnosis of ocular tr...

Introduction: Until now, many models have been presented for optical study of the human eye. In recent years, surgery on the anterior section of the eye (such as cataract and photo-refractive surgery) has increased, so a study on the optics of the eye and evaluation of vision quality has become more important. Material and Methods: In this article, some of these models are considered. They incl...

Introduction The population of Ursine colobus (Colobus vellerosus) is thought to be declining throughout most of its range in West Africa. In eastern Côte d'Ivoire and southwestern Ghana, sightings of C. vellerosus in various reserves and National Parks is reported as rare or few today, in contrast to 'common' In Togo, there have been no published sightings for over 20 years [Asibey, 1978]. In ...

1.Predicting the current and potential distributions of established invasive species is critical for evaluating management options, but methods for differentiating these distributions have received little attention. In particular, there is uncertainty among invasive species managers about the value of information from incidental sightings compared to data from designed field surveys. This study...

The Gulf of Mexico is a subtropical ocean basin with diverse oceanic cetacean community. Cetacean research in the has been driven by mandates US Marine Mammal Protection Act as well concerns over rapidly expanding oil and natural gas industry related potential threats (e.g. seismic surveys, increased ship traffic, spills). Previously, distribution abundances for specific areas or species have d...

introduction: ramadan is the ninth month of muslim's calendar during which muslims fast. ramadan lasts 29-30 days based on the visual sightings of the crescent moon. fasting during ramadan has significant health effects. the present study aimed at reviewing the literature of the impact of ramadan fasting on upper gastrointestinal disorders. results: gastric acid and pepsin secretion increa...

purpose: to evaluate bacterial and fungal contamination of donor corneas before and after decontamination at eye bank of i.r. of iran based on cultures. methods: this descriptive study was performed on 131 donor eyes (whole globe or cut cornea) used for corneal transplantation at labbafinejad hospital during a 6-month period. microbiologic culture was performed at three stages: before enucleati...

purpose : round-the-clock on-demand availability and corneal cloudiness are the two major problems with animal eyes for surgical practice. the purpose of this investigation is to assess the usability of long-term deep freezing for the preservation of enucleated sheep eyes and the adjunctive role of intracameral cryoprotective agent on corneal clarity. methods : thirty-two enucleated fresh sheep...

introduction: human eye is a sensitive part of human body with no direct protection and due to its lack of protection against the external heat waves, studying the temperature distribution of heat waves on the human eye is of utmost importance. various lasers are widely used in medical applications such as eye surgeries. the most significant issue in the eye surgeries with laser is estimation o...