Morphometric analyses are based on multiparametric data sets that describe quantitatively the shapes of objects. The stochastic nature fracture formation processes break up magma during explosive eruptions yields mixtures particles have highly varied shapes. In volcanology, morphometric analysis is applied to these with diverse for two purposes: (1) fingerprint tephra from individual and use fi...

Volcanic eruptions are associated with a wide range of electrostatic effects. Increasing evidence suggests that high-altitude discharges (lightning) in maturing plumes driven by electrification processes require the formation ice (analogous to underpinning meteorological thunderstorms). However, electrical also common at or near volcanic vent. A number “ice-free” mechanisms have been proposed a...

Ocean island volcanism is generally considered to be dominated by basaltic eruptions, yet felsic products associated with more hazardous explosive eruptive events are also present in the geological record of many these islands. Ascension Island, recently recognised as an active volcanic system, exhibits eruption deposits but their age, styles and stratigraphic association mafic thus far unclear...

The controversial claim that El Niño events might be partially caused by radiative forcing due to volcanic aerosols is reassessed. Building on the work of Mann et al., estimates of volcanic forcing over the past millennium and a climate model of intermediate complexity are used to draw a diagram of El Niño likelihood as a function of the intensity of volcanic forcing. It is shown that in the co...

Introduction: Investigations of Mars geology have long been focused on unveiling the planet’s volcanic history and potential habitability. Of particular interest is the apparent transition from explosive to effusive volcanism over time, and the sources of volatiles in these earlier eruptions—whether within the magma, or significant quantities of external water. Identifying the eruption style of...