This experiment examined the effects of sleep on learning, while employing an experimental design that minimizes time of day and fatigue effects. Using a modified two-phase contextual cuing task, we show that sleep benefits consolidation and offline learning minimally, and hindered subsequent conscious awareness on an explicit memory test. These differential effects of sleep on implicit learnin...

Implicit and explicit memory processes for panic-relevant and neutral word stimuli were examined in 16 panic patients and 16 healthy participants matched for sex, age, and education, using behavioral and electrophysiological measures. In the study phase, panic-relevant and neutral words were presented and the level of processing was varied by requiring either shallow (orthographic) or deeper (s...

Explicit memory is widely assumed to reflect the conscious processes of recollection and familiarity. However, familiarity has been hypothesized to be supported by nonconscious processing. In the present functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment, we assessed whether familiarity is mediated by some of the same regions that mediate repetition priming, a form of nonconscious memory. ...

Possible impairments of memory in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) were investigated in two experiments. In Experiment 1, in which stimulus words were presented visually, participants were tested on conceptual or perceptual memory tasks, with retrieval being either explicit or implicit. Compared with healthy controls, ESRD patients were impaired when memory required conceptual but not when it req...

BACKGROUND Previous findings revealed that the acquisition of new semantic concepts' labels was impaired in uncomplicated alcoholic patients. The use of errorless learning may therefore allow them to improve learning performance. However, the flexibility of the new knowledge and the memory processes involved in errorless learning remain unclear. METHOD New concepts' labels acquisition was exa...

An algorithm for Software Transactional Memory (STM) is correct if it guarantees a proclaimed degree of isolation between concurrently executing transactions. A correctness proof requires explicit modeling of the effects of transaction bodies and the non-deterministic scheduling of their operations. We provide a formalization of an STM algorithm that is explicit about all aspects required for a...

Priming is a facilitation of cognitive processing with stimulus repetition that can occur without explicit memory. Whereas the functional neuroanatomy of perceptual priming at retrieval is established, encoding processes that initiate priming and explicit memory have not yet been anatomically separated, and we investigated them using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging. Activati...

We exploit symmetry to reduce the memory storage requirements of linear explicit model predictive controllers. In the first part of the paper we define controller symmetry. We describe how symmetry can be used to compress the explicit controller and discuss the implementation of the resulting compressed controller. In the second part we develop a method for computing the reduced-memory controll...

Sleep consolidates newly acquired memories. Beyond stabilizing memories, sleep is thought to reorganize memory representations such that invariant structures, statistical regularities and even new explicit knowledge are extracted. Whereas increasing evidence suggests that the stabilization of memories during sleep can be facilitated by cueing with learning-associated stimuli, the effect of cuei...

We review neuropsychological and neuroimaging evidence for the existence of three qualitatively different categorization systems. These categorization systems are themselves based on three distinct memory systems: working memory (WM), explicit long-term memory (explicit LTM), and implicit long-term memory (implicit LTM). We first contrast categorization based on WM with that based on explicit L...