Liquid Hydrogen (LH2) is utilized as a target for the high energy electron beams, up to 20 GeV, available from the two-mile Stanford Linear Accelerator because hydrogen is the purest form of protons attainable and liquefaction increases the density of the protons available for bombardment. This paper will deal with the necessary control systems required for the LH2 target, and special systems d...

Although there is substantial evidence that 30-month-old children can reason about other people's desires, little is known about the developmental antecedents of this ability. A food-request procedure was devised to explore this understanding in 14- and 18-month-olds. Children observed an experimenter expressing disgust as she tasted 1 type of food and happiness as she lasted another type of fo...

Reaching tasks are popular tools for investigating the neural mechanisms of motor skill learning and recovery from brain damage in rodents, but there is considerable unexplained variability across studies using these tasks. We investigated whether breeder, batch effects, experimenter, time of year, weight and other factors contribute to differences in the acquisition and performance of a skille...

In two studies, the authors investigated 2- and 3-year-old children's awareness of the normative structure of conventional games. In the target conditions, an experimenter showed a child how to play a simple rule game. After the child and the experimenter had played for a while, a puppet came (controlled by a 2nd experimenter), asked to join in, and then performed an action that constituted a m...

Imitation is a powerful capability of infants, relevant for bootstrapping many cognitive capabilities like communication, language and learning under supervision. In infants, this skill relies on establishing a joint attentional link with the teaching party. In this work we propose a method for establishing the joint attention between an experimenter and an embodied agent. The agent first estim...

People remember an event as a coherent scene. Memory of such an episode is thought to reflect binding of a fully integrated representation, rather than memory of unconnected features. However, it is not known whether rodents form bound representations. Here we show that rats remember episodes as bound representations. Rats were presented with multiple features of unique episodes at memory encod...

The ability of monkeys to follow the gaze of other individuals is a matter of debate in many behavioral studies. Physiological studies have shown that in monkeys, as in humans, there are neural correlates of eye direction detection. There is little evidence at the behavioral level, however, of the presence and development of such abilities in monkeys. The aim of the present study was to assess ...

In both dictator and impunity games, one player, the dictator, divides a ®xed amount of money between himself and one other, the recipient. Recent lab studies of these games have produced seemingly inconsistent results, reporting substantially divergent amounts of dictator giving. Also, one prominent explanation for some of these di ̈erences, the impact of experimenter observation, displayed wea...

An experiment reported by Charles T. Tart as providing evidence that subjects can learn to use ESP is examined for the possibility that the highly significant scoring rates could be due to factors other than ESP by the subjects. Since the procedure involved a screening of experimenters as well as subjects and the highly significant results were obtained by only one experimenter, it is likely th...