Modern cosmology began with the realization that there were solutions to Einstein’s theory of gravity discovered by Friedmann and Lemaitre which when combined with the redshift distance relation of Hubble and others could be interpreted as showing that we live in an expanding universe. It was then only elementary logic to argue that if time reversal was applied, the universe must originally hav...

Atherosclerosis is the most common cause for cardiovascular diseases and is based on endothelial dysfunction. A growing body of evidence suggests the contribution of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells, monocytic cells, and mature endothelial cells to vessel formation and endothelial rejuvenation. To this day, various subsets of these endothelial-regenerating cells have been identi...

interactions with electrons and positrons. A broad spectrum of neutrino and antineutrino behavior is observed, ranging from vacuumlike to smooth. Oscillations exhibiting self-maintained coherence also appear. We identify a variety of neutrino properties arising as a consequence of the nonlinear neutrino self-interactions. The nonlinear effects tend to suppress any CP asymmetry relative to the l...

We analyze the views of Edwin Hubble (1889–1953) as regards the large scale structure of the universe. In 1929 he initially accepted a finite expanding universe in order to explain the redshifts of distant galaxies. Later on he turned to an infinite stationary universe and a new principle of nature in order to explain the same phenomena. Initially, he was impressed by the agreement of his redsh...

The recently constructed minimal extension of the special relativistic Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process to curved space-time cannot be used to model realistically diffusions on cosmological scales because it does not take into account the evolution of the thermodynamical state of the matter with cosmological time. We therefore introduce a new class of non minimal extensions characterized by time-depe...

Surprisingly recent astronomical observations have provided strong evidence that our universe is not only expanding, but also is expanding at an accelerating rate. This paper presents a basis of the theory of universe spacetime dark energy, a solution of Einstein’s cosmological constant problem, physical interpretation of universe dark energy and Einstein’s cosmological constant Lambda and its ...

Rotation of galaxies is examined by the general principle of least action. This law of nature describes a system in its surroundings, here specifically a galaxy in the surrounding Universe. According to this holistic theory the gravitational potential due to all matter in the expanding Universe relates to the universal curvature which, in turn, manifests itself as the universal acceleration. Th...

In the first approximation, the Universe’s expansion is described by the Hubble’s law v = H · R, according to which the relative speed v of two objects in the expanding Universe grows linearly with the distance R between them. This law can be derived from the Copernican principle, according to which, cosmology-wise, there is no special location in the Universe, and thus, the expanding Universe ...

In this work we review the application of a functional method, serving as an alternative to the Wilsonian Exact Renormalization approach, to stringy bosonic σ-models with metric and dilaton backgrounds on a spherical world sheet [1]. We derive an exact evolution equation for the dilaton with the amplitude of quantum fluctuations, driven by the kinetic term of the two-dimensional world-sheet the...