The genus Propionibacterium has been historically divided, based on habitat of origin, into “dairy” and “cutaneous” microorganisms which mainly inhabit dairy/silage environments and the skin/intestine of human and animals, respectively. Dairy propionibacteria are generally recognized as safe microorganisms whereas members of the cutaneous group have shown to be opportunistic pathogens in compro...

Exopolysaccharides (EPS) and internal (intracellular) polysaccharides (IPS) obtained from the Pleurotus ostreatus M2191 and PBS281009 cultivated using the batch system revealed an average of between 0.1-2 (EPS) and 0.07-1.5 g/L/day (IPS). The carbohydrate analysis revealed that the polysaccharides comprised 87-89% EPS and 68-74% IPS. The investigation of antioxidant activity in vitro revealed a...

Sinorhizobium meliloti (Rhizobium meliloti) 2011 has the ability to produce the two acidic exopolysaccharides succinoglycan (EPS I) and galactoglucan (EPS II). EPS I is a branched heteropolysaccharide composed of octasaccharide repeating units, whereas EPS II is a linear heteropolysaccharide consisting of disaccharide subunits. The exo-exs and exp gene clusters are involved in the biosynthesis ...

Dickeya dadantii (formerly Erwinia chrysanthemi, Pectobacterium chrysanthemi) is a necrotrophic, intracellular, plant pathogenic enterobacterium that induces soft rot diseases on a great variety of plants worldwide by secreting mainly multiple plant cell wall-degrading enzymes including pectinases, cellulases and proteases1. Additional factors that contribute to its pathogenicity are exopolysac...

Paenibacillus macerans TKU029 can produce exopolysaccharides (EPSs; 3.46 g/L) and a biosurfactant (1.78 g/L) in a medium with 2 % (w/v) squid pen powder as the sole carbon/nitrogen source. The biosurfactant can reduce the surface tension of water from 72.30 to 35.34 mN/m at a concentration of 2.76 g/L and reach an emulsification index of 56 % after a 24-h reaction with machine oil. This biosurf...

Microbial biofilm development is observed on virtually all submerged surfaces in natural and industrial environments. Biofilms are also observed at interfaces as pellicles, or in the bulk of aquatic environments as flocs or granules [1, 2]. A biofilm is a complex structure made of aggregates of microbial cells within a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) (Figure 1). The matrix st...