Salman Rushdie and Perumal Murugan have made significant literary contributions to modern Indian Literature. The study focuses on the authors’ post-traumatic mental conditions societal anxiety. Controversies were prompted by Rushdie’s Satanic Verses (1988) Murugan’s One Part Woman (2010). Due their career, writers forced leave hometowns involuntarily into exile also underwent self-censorship se...

In spring 1940 Annie Altschul, an Austrian probationer nurse at Ealing Voluntary Hospital in London, was forced to leave her employment. Altschul was later to become a pioneer in psychiatric nursing and in 1976 was appointed Professor of Nursing at Edinburgh University, the first from her specialism to attain this rank. In 1940, however, Altschul, a socialist and former Viennese mathematics stu...

Conflict throughout Africa has created havoc for many. This overwhelming chaos has led to the disintegration of social order and generated widespread gender-based violence. As a result, African women have become casualties, experienced brutal acts of sexual violence, and been forced into exile. Drawing on the tribulations of displaced African female survivors of conflict-related sexual violence...