BACKGROUND Clinical practice guidelines recommend daily spirometer calibration checks and weekly linearity checks. The long-term stability of the volume and flow accuracy of a specific model of spirometer should be carefully characterized before modification of the frequency of calibration checks is considered for that model of spirometer. METHODS The EasyOne ultrasonic flow-sensing spiromete...

BACKGROUND Expiratory flow rate, soft palate closure, and dead space air may influence exhaled levels of nitric oxide (NO). These factors have not been evaluated in the reservoir collection of NO. METHODS Exhaled NO was collected into a reservoir during a single flow and pressure controlled exhalation. RESULTS NO collected in a reservoir containing silica gel was stable for 24 hours. Nasall...

This paper summarizes stratificational theory, and applies its linguistic methods in a sememic analysis of English prepositions. The phenomenon of interlocking diversification is shown to be quite generally present among the prepositions. Also, the analysis of prepositions is shown to entail a partial sememic analysis of other words; it therefore provides a starting point for the sememic analys...

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of nocturnal light pulses (NLPs) on the feed intake and metabolic rate in geese. Fourteen adult Chinese geese were penned individually, and randomly assigned to either the C (control) or NLP group. The C group was exposed to a 12L:12D photoperiod (12 h light and 12 h darkness per day), whereas the NLP group was exposed to a 12L:12D photoperiod ...

The tremendous variation in brain size among vertebrates has long been thought to be related to differences in species' metabolic rates. It is thought that species with higher metabolic rates can supply more energy to support the relatively high cost of brain tissue. And yet, while body temperature is known to be a major determinant of metabolic rate, the possible effects of temperature on brai...

Abstract The present work deals with radon pollution arising from granitic rocks using an Alpha Guard monitor. Forty-four samples were collected five sites located in the Central part of Eastern Desert Egypt. minimum to maximum concentration for Gebel (mountain) El-Missikat MS, El-Gidamy GD, RieEl-Garra RG, El-Aradiya AR, and Kab-Amira KA 49,597 ± 8773 236,029 22,397 Bq m −3 , 39,658 8341 188,6...

The change of natural ionizing radiation and the radon exhalation rates from typical building materials in underground parking lots are presented article. activity concentration radionuclides 232Th, 226Ra, 40K six important types construction materials, which mostly used Lithuania, were analyzed using high-resolution gamma spectroscopy. highest values found concrete ferroconcrete samples: 226Ra...

Humans are continuously exposed to ionizing radiation from natural sources. The main contributors to natural radiation are high-energy cosmic radiation and radioactive nuclides that originate in the earth’s crust. Rn, a decay product of Ra, originates from the naturally occurring U decay series. Rn, the only gas in the U decay series, is chemically inert, but is radioactive and exposure to it a...

Many deep learning–based computerized respiratory sound analysis methods have previously been developed. However, these studies focus on either lung only or tracheal only. The effectiveness of using a algorithm and vice versa is rarely reported. Furthermore, no one knows whether sounds together in training learning-based model beneficial. In this study, we first constructed database, HF_Trachea...

BACKGROUND Oscillatory positive expiratory pressure (OPEP) is an airway clearance therapy that delivers positive pressure and air-flow oscillations during exhalation. This study described functional characteristic differences of 4 OPEP devices during an active exhalation in a simulated model. We hypothesized peak pressure (Ppeak), positive expiratory pressure (PEP), oscillatory frequency (f), a...