SUMMARY Alterations in body composition are present in patients with heart disease and conges-tive heart failure, and additional changes occur acutely after corrective surgery. The reversibility and time course of reversion to normal body composition have not been demonstrated. Nine patients were studied preoperatively and 2 to 4 weeks and 6 to 12 mo postoperatively. Measurements were made, usi...

We present a model for recursive Bayesian filtering based on lifted multiset states. Combining multisets with lifting makes it possible to simultaneously exploit multiple strategies for reducing inference complexity when compared to list-based grounded state representations. The core idea is to borrow the concept of Maximally Parallel Multiset Rewriting Systems and to enhance it by concepts fro...

The exchangeability assumption as defined in this paper on ranking functions seems intuitively natural, and indeed, specific ranking functions previously proposed in the literature are all exchangeable. While pointwise ranking functions are vacuously exchangeable, we now discuss two specifically listwise ranking functions previously proposed by [22] and [26] in light of our representation theor...

• Count data are often modeled using a Poisson model. • If y ∼ Poisson(μ) then E(y) = var(y) = μ. • When counts are assumed exchangeable given μ and the rates μ can also be assumed to be exchangeable, a Gamma population model for the rates is often chosen. • The hierarchical model is then yi ∼ Poisson(μi) μi ∼ Gamma(α, β). • Priors for the hyperparameters are often taken to be Gamma (or exponen...

Serial determinations of the exchangeable sodium content and sodium24 (Na24) space were made by the radioisotope dilution method in patients with congestive failure during the course of intensive therapy. In most instances, the decrease in body weight was too great to be accounted for solely on the basis of the change in sodium24 space or exchangeable sodium content. This excess weight loss is ...

The method of exchangeable pairs has emerged as an important tool in proving limit theorems for Poisson, normal and other classical approximations. Here the method is used in a simulation context. We estimate transition probabilitites from the simulations and use these to reduce variances. Exchangeable pairs are used as control variates. Finally, a general approximation theorem is developed tha...