STUDY OBJECTIVE To analyse the geographical patterns and the magnitude of the association between deprivation and mortality in Spain. To estimate the excess of mortality in more deprived areas of the country by region. DESIGN Cross sectional ecological study using 1991 census variables and mortality data for 1987-1992. SETTING 2220 small areas in Spain. MAIN RESULTS A geographical gradien...

INTRODUCTION Epidemiological studies of the 1957 influenza pandemic are scarce, particularly from lower-income settings. METHODS We analyzed the spatial-temporal mortality patterns of the 1957 influenza pandemic in Chile, including detailed age-specific mortality data from a large city, and investigated risk factors for severe mortality impact across regions. RESULTS Chile exhibited two wav...

BACKGROUND Although the mortality burden of the devastating 1918 influenza pandemic has been carefully quantified in the United States, Japan, and European countries, little is known about the pandemic experience elsewhere. Here, we compiled extensive archival records to quantify the pandemic mortality patterns in 2 Mexican cities, Mexico City and Toluca. METHODS We applied seasonal excess mo...

OBJECTIVES To study incidence and mortality of leukaemias, cancer of the larynx, and other cancers near the petrochemical plant at Baglan Bay, in response to local concerns of an alleged cluster of cancers in the vicinity. METHODS This is a small area study of cancer incidence, 1974-84 and of mortality, 1981-91 based on the national postcoded data held by the Small Area Health Statistics Unit...

BACKGROUND Mortality in HIV-infected patients who have access to highly active antiretroviral therapy (ART) has declined in sub-Saharan Africa, but it is unclear how mortality compares to the non-HIV-infected population. We compared mortality rates observed in HIV-1-infected patients starting ART with non-HIV-related background mortality in four countries in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS AND FI...

Occupational exposure to dust has been linked with excess mortality from stomach cancer. To examine this hypothesis in respect of cement workers the mortality of a group of men, identified as cement workers in 1939, was followed up from 1948 to 1981. An excess of mortality from stomach cancer was found which is not thought to be explained by the social class distribution of the study population...

BACKGROUND Disease burden attributable to influenza is substantial in subtropical regions. Our study aims to estimate excess pneumonia and influenza (P&I) mortality associated with influenza by subtypes/lineages in Shanghai, China, 2010-2015. METHODS Quasi-Poisson regression models were fitted to weekly numbers of deaths from causes coded as P&I for Shanghai general and registered population....

BACKGROUND Proposed causes for increased mortality following weekend admission (the 'weekend effect') include poorer quality of care and sicker patients. The aim of this study was to analyse the 7 days post-admission time patterns of excess mortality following weekend admission to identify whether distinct patterns exist for patients depending upon the relative contribution of poorer quality of...