In this work, the parameters of antireflection interference coatings based on alternating layers ZnS/Al2O3 laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) ZGP crystals under action Ho:YAG laser radiation at a wavelength 2.097 μm were determined. The coating deposition was carried out using ion-beam sputtering method. LIDT sample with ZnS and Al2O3 equal to WoE = 3.45 J/cm2, uncoated 2.23 J/cm2. An increa...

There are several pieces of legislation based on human health assessment that set the framework for U.S. EPA's regulation of water contaminants, such as bromate. The Safe Drinking Water Act, for example, specifies that the best available science be used in support of regulation of drinking water contaminants, and highlights that regulations must provide protection to sensitive human populations...

The wole woe plant empirically in the community Central Halmaherah district is used to treat various diseases, such as breast anticancer, cysts, vaginal discharge, diabetes mellitus, wounds, dysentery, cholesterol, and uric acid, which thought have bioactive compounds, that antibacterial compounds. Therefore, a study was conducted determine potential of ethanol extract stems against Pseudomonas...

This second article of the series "An Overview of Research Designs Relevant to Nursing" presents qualitative research designs. Phenomenological, ground theory, ethnography, narrative inquiry, and other related qualitative-related research methodologies are described. In addition, the importance of qualitative research as groundwork for quantitative studies is discussed. This link between qualit...

There is increasing evidence that outcomes of health care differ by patient characteristics, such as gender and ethnicity. If evidence-based medicine is to improve quality of care for all patients, it is essential to take this diversity into account when designing clinical studies. So far, this notion has mainly been translated into recommendations for including minority populations in trials. ...

BACKGROUND As the overall evidence for the effectiveness of teaching of evidence based medicine (EBM) is not strong, and the impact of cultural and societal influences on teaching method is poorly understood, we undertook a randomised-controlled trial to test the effectiveness and learning satisfaction with two different EBM teaching methods (usual teaching vs. problem based learning (PBL)) for...

This letter considers the main challenges that people with rare diseases and their families face: delay in diagnosis, lack of appropriate support and information, and impaired access to treatment. The differences in medical experience between a patient with a rare disease and one with a common one are made through the use of a real-life example: the diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma received by my mo...

BACKGROUND Previous studies report various degrees of agreement between self-perceived competence and objectively measured competence in medical students. There is still a paucity of evidence on how the two correlate in the field of Evidence Based Medicine (EBM). We undertook a cross-sectional study to evaluate the self-perceived competence in EBM of senior medical students in Malaysia, and ass...

Evidence based medicine (EBM) puts forward a hierarchy of evidence for informing therapeutic decisions. An unambiguous interpretation of how to apply EBM’s hierarchy has not been provided in the clinical literature. However, as much as an interpretation is provided proponents suggest a categorical interpretation. The categorical interpretation holds that all the results of randomised trials alw...

Literature Review This chapter presents a review of literature related to effective counselor characteristics (ECC) and admission requirements, and procedures. First, research on the characteristics of effective counselors is presented. Second, graduate college admission requirements and procedures are examined. Third, professional development and standards of preparation are investigated. Thes...