In the Persian Gulf, the major source of oil pollution is related to the transportation of tankers, offshore production and discharges by coastal refineries. The water dynamical field has been obtained using a new hydrodynamic model. Local wind is recognized as the principal driving force combining to the water dynamic field to determine oil drift on the sea surface. The Weibull probability dis...

For an imposed thermal forcing localized off the equator, it is known that conservation of absolute angular momentum in axisymmetric flow produces a nonlinear response once the forcing exceeds a critical amplitude. It is shown here that, for a moist atmosphere in convective quasi-equilibrium, the combination of wind-dependent ocean surface enthalpy fluxes and zonal momentum advection can provid...

Spray drift is a great concern because of environmental consequences of agricultural practices. Many studies were conducted in wind tunnel (Miller, 2011; Nuyttens, 2007; Herbst, 2003) mainly focusing on the definition of quantitative deposition on collectors at different distances or heights according to (ISO 22856, 2008). In most cases, only one nozzle positioned frontally (wind direction perp...

This paper investigates the function of windcatchers in dry regions in Middle East and compares them in different fields in two areas including Yazd-Iran, and Egypt. The study examines windcatchers in these areas in terms of cooling system and forms, with different plans, forms, constituent components and decorations.Reassessment of windcatchers in these areas can shed light on these difference...

results there was a significant positive correlation between increase in the monthly average temperature, the number of rainy days, and the number of frost days with the number of rta (p < 0.05). increased monthly average relative humidity, evaporation, and number of sunny days were negatively correlated with the frequency of rta (p < 0.05). we also observed an inverse significant correlation b...

plastic shrinkage is one of the most important parameter which must be considered in hot weather concreting. if plastic shrinkage is not prevented, cracking will be significant, especialy if silica fume is used in the mix. in this paper, the effect of silica fume in bleeding and evaporation was investigated in laboratory. the results showed that in restrained shrinkage, beside relative humidity...

In this paper we estimate zonal plasma drift in the equatorial ionospheric F region without counting on ion drift meters. From June 2001 to June 2004 zonal plasma drift velocity is estimated from electron, neutral, and magnetic field observations of Challenging Mini-satellite Payload (CHAMP) in the 09:00–20:00 LT sector. The estimated velocities are validated against ion drift measurements by t...