The success of any educational program depends on its evaluation system. Examinations are a part of learning process which acts as an element in evaluation. For the smooth conduct of examinations of various universities and academic institutions, the question paper generation process would be helpful. However, examination question paper composition is a multi-constraint concurrent optimization ...

Including the range of a rational function over an interval is an important problem in numerical computation. A direct interval arithmetic evaluation of a formula for the function yields in general a superset with an error linear in the width of the interval. Special formulas like the centered forms yield a better approximation with a quadratic error. Alefeld posed the question whether in gener...

The paper reports on evaluation of Russian community question answering (CQA) data in health domain. About 1,500 question– answer pairs were manually evaluated by medical professionals, in addition automatic evaluation based on reference disease–medicine pairs was performed. Although the results of the manual and automatic evaluation do not fully match, we find the method still promising and pr...

shiite scholars have always been concerned with the question of authenticity of hadiths of infallible-innocent personalities from the very beginning. text criticism and consideration of contextual criticism of hadiths is a significant component in this connection. evidence available indicates that text criticism of hadiths, whose consideration had been rooted in shi‘a imams’ directions, has had...

Question Answering (QA) is an emerging important field in Information Retrieval. In a QA system the archive of previous questions asked from the system makes a collection full of useful factual nuggets. This paper makes an initial attempt to investigate the reuse of facts contained in the archive of previous questions to help and gain performance in answering future related factoid questions. I...

This paper comments on the EU’s legal framework for screening foreign direct investment. concerns EU Regulation related to this matter. The difficulty of determining in certain cases whether a company is controlled by government shown using example Huawei. argues that current mechanisms should be modified so they also take into consideration reciprocity, namely country origin investment equally...

Usually tagging of inflectional languages is performed in two stages: morphological analysis and morphosyntactic disambiguation. A number of papers have been published where the evaluation is limited to the second part, without asking the question of what a tagger is supposed to do. In this article we highlight this important question and discuss possible answers. We also argue that a fair eval...

The evaluation of a Question Answering system is a challenging task. In this paper we evaluate our system, LX-ListQuestion, a Web-based QA System that focuses on answering list questions. We compare our system against other QA Systems and the results were analyzed in two ways: (i) the quantitative evaluation of answers provides recall, precision and F-measure and (ii) the question coverage that...