Focal cerebral ischemia was induced in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion. Three groups of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, given food and water ad libitum, were subjected to 4 hr of middle cerebral artery occlusion. All were given vehicle control and ethanol pretreatments intraperitoneally 1 hr before. Mean ipsilateral brain water content in the control, 2 g/kg ethanol, and 2 g/kg ...

Controversy exists concerning the site (stomach vs. liver) and magnitude of first-pass metabolism of ethanol. We quantitated gastric and total ethanol absorption rates in five male subjects and utilized these measurements to evaluate first-pass metabolism. Gastric emptying of ethanol (0.15 g/kg) was determined via a gamma camera and gastric absorption from the ratio of gastric ethanol to [14C]p...

The activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is increased after alcohol consumption and can contribute to an increased level of HDL-cholesterol, which is considered to play a key role in the ethanol-mediated protective effect against cardiovascular disease. The increase in HDL-cholesterol concentration can be also due to an ethanol-enhanced synthesis and secretion of apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) fr...

Male rats were given 10% (w/v) ethanol in drinking fluid during the first week, 15% (w/v) during the second week, 20% (w/v) during the third, and 25% (w/v) during the fourth week, at the end of which they were kept on 25% (w/v) ethanol drinking water for 3 weeks. Some animals were then allowed the withdrawal of ethanol for a period of 2 weeks or 7 weeks. No significant differences were seen for...

The productive cellulosic crops switchgrass and Miscanthus are considered as viable biofuel sources. To meet the 2022 national biofuel target mandate, actions must be taken, e.g., maize cultivation must be intensified and expanded, and other biofuel crops (switchgrass and Miscanthus) must be cultivated. This raises questions on the use efficiencies of land and water; to date, the demand on thes...

BACKGROUND Many plants of boreal forest of Quebec have been used by Native Americans to treat a variety of microbial infections. However, the antiviral activities of these plants have been seldom evaluated on cellular models to validate their in vitro efficiencies. In this study, Cornus canadensis L. (Cornaceae), a plant used in Native American traditional medicine to treat possible antiviral i...

Graphene oxide membranes were recently suggested for applications in separation of ethanol from water using a vapor permeation method. Using isotope contrast, neutron reflectivity was applied to evaluate the amounts of solvents intercalated into a membrane from pure and binary vapors and to evaluate the selectivity of the membrane permeation. Particularly, the effect of D2O, ethanol and D2O-eth...

Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) cv. Yellow Candy flowers were treated with ethanol solution (4%) in the absence or presence of 1 or 10 mM L-methionine, or ethanol or acetaldehyde solution (0.05%), in the absence or presence of 1 mM aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid (ACC). Spermidine in petals was measured over time in flowers treated with 4% ethanol or distilled water. Ethanol treatment si...

The present study tested the involvement of the opioid system in the acquisition and expression of prenatal ethanol-related memories. We evaluated how this prenatal experience modulates ethanol self-administration in newborn rats, and preweanling's ingestion of the drug. During Gestational Days (GDs) 17-20, four groups of dams were treated with ethanol (2 g/kg) or water, followed immediately by...