Previous research has demonstrated that age of acquisition (AOA) plays an important role in L2 phonological acquisition. However, it is not clear why such AOA effects occur. Researchers have hypothesized that these effects may be explained by social (such as identification with L1/L2 culture), cognitive (ability to imitate, working and phonological memory capacity), and experiential (length of ...

This study takes a dynamic approach to investigating engagement, examining fluctuations in cognitive-affective variables at regular time intervals during online collaborative second language (L2) writing tasks. Using conference software and editing software, 16 university students who use English as an L2, completed two problem-solution L2 tasks communication modes: video-chat text-chat. After ...

Locative inversion is a non-canonical structure in Chinese and English. According to the Contrastive Analysis theory (Lado, 1957), a structure in L2 is easier to learn if it has the same meaning and distribution as an “equivalent” in L1. Previous studies suggest that English-speaking Chinese L2 learners would have no difficulty in acquiring the unmarked construction (Jin, 2008). The present stu...

linguistic/cultural differences of learners’ native language with english as a foreign language, gender and english proficiency level are among those numerous variables which affect english learning and its quality in iranian context. the present study was an attempt to illuminate the effects of these variables on performing integrative approach of general english tests (cloze test and recall t...

The present study investigated the acquisition of verb movement in L3 French by L1 speakers Norwegian with English as their L2. To investigate impact previously learned languages acquisition, we looked at two sentence types lexical verbs where Norwegian, English, and differ systematic ways: a) non-subject initial declarative main clauses b) subject-initial a short sentence-medial adverbial. Stu...

Interest has continued in the neural substrates of language switch, which allows multilingual people to select an appropriate language. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated the neural substrates for switching between different languages (cross-language switch) in comparison with those for switching between different tasks or between different action sequences. Subjects w...

It is well known that fundamental frequency (F0) is modulated by talker-specific characteristics such as sex and individual physiology and that F0 can also be affected by speech style (e.g., Loveday 1981). However, even when controlling for these factors, F0 has been shown The aim of the current study is to examine how F0 is affected by the interaction of talker-specific and language-specific c...

This paper presents a new approach for developing pronunciation tutors in Second Language (L2) learning. Applying the Basic Identification of Confusable Contexts (BICC) procedure we automatically generate curriculum that is rich in possible confusion contexts which can be practiced by L2 students in read-aloud tasks. This is the basis of a new pronunciation tutor where the student interacts ora...

This study examined the nature of morphology-based cross language transfer from Korean to reading and writing acquisition in English and Chinese among Korean-speaking 9th graders who had studied English for seven years and Chinese for one year as foreign languages. One hundred and sixty students were administered a set of comparable Korean (L1), English (L2), and Chinese (L3) tasks tapping into...