Abstract King William II of the Netherlands (1792–1849) created important art collections with benefit advice from leading dealers at home and abroad, for which special premises were built in one royal palaces The Hague. Whenever monarch was not residence, these made accessible to visitors. Following William’s sudden death 1849 almost everything sold paintings are now distributed around world. ...

Nanocellulose-based materials have recently been used to consolidate degraded cotton painting canvases. Canvas-supported paintings consist of that are sensitive to moisture and especially susceptible environmental fluctuations in temperature and relative humidity (RH). These occur in uncontrolled environments found historic houses and palaces and can lead hydrolytic degradation mechanical...