Until 1999 the West Nile virus had been reported only in the "Old world" and particularly in Europe, Africa, Middle East and Asia where it was responsible only for sporadic or size-and-time-limited outbreaks in humans and equines. The sudden and unexpected emergence of WN in New York in 1999, followed by a rapid and huge extension to the whole North America in less than four years, made health ...

A report from England has suggested that Chronic Fatigue Syndrome exists in equines and constitutes an emerging veterinary problem. Preliminary epidemiological studies seem to confirm the zoonotic implications of CFS. An arsenical drug, sodium thiacetarsamide, was administered to four horses with a diagnosis of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), already treated unsuccessfully with different medica...

Information on draught ability on all the major Indian breeds of cattle, buffaloes and pack animals including cross breeds is scanty available, because major research programme has been undertaken on milch animals. Similarly the scenario of cancer incidences in India is not much clear due to lack of systemic study at national level and absence of Animal Cancer Registry. In India, the incidence ...

Diphtheria toxin has the capacity to block protein synthesis in cultured mammalian cells, and thus causing cell death. This capacity of diphtheria toxin was utilized for in-vitro neutralization test to determine antibody titer, using Vero cells, which have been found to be susceptible to diphtheria toxin. In the present study, a Vero cell assay was standardized and validated for potency estimat...

The knee is the most affected joint in children with cerebral palsy. Flexion contracture of the knee is the cause of the crouch gait pattern, instability in stance phase of gait, and difficulties during standing and sitting, and other daily living activities. Hip flexion contracture in crouch gait is mostly compensation of the knee flexion contracture and ankle equines. The psoas muscle is the ...