Mansoori, G.A. and Ely, J.F., 1985. Statistical mechanical theory of local compositions. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 22: 253-275. The concept of local composition has received much attention during the past few years, much of which has been devoted to justifying the empirical model proposed by Wilson in 1964. In this report the concept of local composition is defined on statistical mechanical groun...

A new model for equilibria at the interface of a sparingly soluble crystal is reviewed. It provides that several kinds of equilibria are present and each type is characterized by (i) a set of species that are transported across the phase boundary, (ii) a set · of chemical reactions which describe this transport process, and (iii) a set of thermodynamic expressions which define equilibrium. Thre...

I. PROOF OF PROPOSITION 1 Proof: Consider a simple example of n = 2 servers in a super time slot. At t = 2k, assume without loss of generality that X 1 (2k) > X 2 (2k). At the exploration slot t = 2k+1 with exploration probability γ 2k , the expected number of users is thus E [X 1 (2k + 1)] = X 1 (2k)(1 − γ 2k) + X 2 (2k)γ 2k E [X 2 (2k + 1)] = X 2 (2k)(1 − γ 2k) + X 1 (2k)γ 2k. On one hand, ea...

A non-equilibrium, two-phase, three-component compositional model for the simulation of alcohol flooding has been developed and tested. Inter-phase mass transfer algorithms allow for transfer of all three components at high concentrations and high mass flux rates using a two-film model. The model has been used to simulate alcohol floods where the alcohol has an affinity for either the water-ric...

The reaction of CO2 hydration/dehydration controls the oxygen isotopic composition in both carbonate minerals and atmospheric CO2 through the exchange of oxygen isotopes with water. The use of O as an environmental indicator typically assumes isotopic equilibrium, namely full oxygen isotope exchange between CO2 and water. Clumped isotopes is a new isotopic tracer that is used in both CaCO3 and ...

The equilibrium chemical reactions taken place in a converter reactor of the Khorasan Petrochemical Ammonia plant was studied using the minimization of Gibbs free energy method. In the minimization of the Gibbs free energy function the Davidon– Fletcher–Powell (DFP) optimization procedure using the penalty terms in the well-defined objective function was used. It should be noted that in the DFP...

A reactive system's slow dynamic behavior is approximated well by evolution on manifolds of dimension lower than that of the full composition space. This work addresses the construction of one-dimensional slow invariant manifolds for dynamical systems arising from modeling unsteady spatially homogeneous closed reactive systems. Additionally, the relation between the systems' slow dynamics, desc...

Deprotonation of tyrosine in the gas phase was found to occur preferentially at the phenolic site, and the conjugate base consists of a 70:30 mixture of phenoxide and carboxylate anions at equilibrium. This result was established by developing a chemical probe for differentiating these two isomers, and the presence of both ions was confirmed by photoelectron spectroscopy. Equilibrium acidity me...

The surface composition and surface tension of aqueous droplets can influence key aerosol characteristics and processes including the critical supersaturation required for activation to form cloud droplets in the atmosphere. Despite its fundamental importance, surface tension measurements on droplets represent a considerable challenge owing to their small volumes. In this work, we utilize holog...

The microstructural evolution of cast Ti/Zr-based bulk metallic glass composites (BMGCs) containing β-Ti still remains ambiguous. This is why to date the strategies and alloys suitable for producing such BMGCs with precisely controllable volume fractions and crystallite sizes are still rather limited. In this work, a Ti-based BMGC containing β-Ti was developed in the Ti-Zr-Cu-Co-Be system. The ...