BACKGROUND Poor response rates can jeopardise the validity of the findings of epidemiological surveys. The aim of this study was to undertake a randomised controlled trial to determine the effectiveness of different strategies for maximizing parental consent rates for dental health surveys of young children. METHODS The trial took place within the 2007/2008 NHS Epidemiological Dental Health S...

BACKGROUND There remains a lack of epidemiological data on the geographical distribution of trachoma to support global mapping and scale up of interventions for the elimination of trachoma. The Global Atlas of Trachoma (GAT) was launched in 2011 to address these needs and provide standardised, updated and accessible maps. This paper uses data included in the GAT to describe the geographical dis...

In a previous paper (Thomas, Cochrane, and Higgins, 1958) we considered some of the problems and difficulties that arise in measuring the prevalence of coronary disease in the general community. We illustrated these with two surveys of men aged 55 to 64 years, the first consisting of miners and ex-miners from the Rhondda Fach, a mining valley in South Wales, and the second of men who had never ...

OBJECTIVE This paper examines socioeconomic, demographic, epidemiological and nutrition changes that have occurred in Chile in the last decades using concepts of epidemiological and nutrition transition, and discusses policies related to nutrition. DESIGN AND SETTING This is a descriptive, population-based study to analyse changes in the Chilean diet and nutrition situation including some of ...

BACKGROUND Interviewer-administered surveys are an important method of collecting population-level epidemiological data, but suffer from declining response rates and increasing costs. Web surveys offer more rapid data collection and lower costs. There are concerns, however, about data quality from web surveys. Previous research has largely focused on selection biases, and few have explored meas...

Stroke in women may be considered as a distinct entity due to numerous differences compared with men, including specific epidemiological, etiological, and outcome features along unique pathophysiological mechanisms. is the second cause of death worldwide sex-specific causes stroke youger such pregnancy, post-partum period, oral contraception migraine. Substitutive hormone treatment older no mor...

Epidemiological issues in ‘special groups’ are dependent on both the source and age of the population. Cohort effects, due to year of birth, are important in defining prevalence in both learning disability1 and epilepsy2. Table 137 shows epidemiological surveys of the prevalence of epilepsy in people with mental and physical handicap. A survey in an institution for people with learning disabil...