The replication of important findings by multiple independent investigators is fundamental to the accumulation of scientific evidence. Researchers in the biologic and physical sciences expect results to be replicated by independent data, analytical methods, laboratories, and instruments. Epidemiologic studies are commonly used to quantify small health effects of important, but subtle, risk fact...

Crash rates per mile indicate a high risk of vehicle crash in older drivers. A reliance on mileage alone may underestimate the risk exposure of older drivers because they tend to avoid highways and travel more on nonfreeways (e.g., urban roads), which present greater hazards. We introduce risk-exposure density as an index of exposure that incorporates mileage, frequency of travel, and travel du...

Whereas the feasibility and effectiveness of Internet-based epidemiologic research have been established, methodological support for the quality of such data is still accumulating. We aimed to identify sociodemographic differences among members of a French cohort according to willingness to provide part of one's 15-digit national identification number (personal Social Security number (PSSN)) an...

The Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program (EGRP) at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) is developing scientific priorities for cancer epidemiology research in the next decade. We would like to engage the research community and other stakeholders in a planning effort that will include a workshop in December 2012 to help shape new foci for cancer epidemiology research. To facilitate the pro...

Conducting research in elderly populations is important, but challenging. In this paper, the authors describe specific challenges that have arisen and solutions that have been used in carrying out The MOBILIZE Boston Study, a community-based, prospective cohort study in Massachusetts focusing on falls among 765 participants aged 70 years or older enrolled during 2005-2007. To recruit older indi...

Epidemiologic and public health researchers frequently include several dependent variables, repeated assessments, or subgroup analyses in their investigations. These factors result in multiple tests of statistical significance and may produce type 1 experimental errors. This study examined the type 1 error rate in a sample of public health and epidemiologic research. A total of 173 articles cho...

BACKGROUND Teenage motherhood is strongly associated with a range of disadvantages for both the mother and the child. No epidemiological studies have examined related factors for teenage motherhood at both area and individual levels among Japanese women. Therefore, we performed a multilevel analysis of nationwide data in Japan to explore the association of area- and individual-level factors wit...

tion studies, in the past 2 years guidance for drafting research protocols have been published (PRISMA-P and SPIRIT checklist, respectively), along with dedicated websites (http://www.crd.york. ac.uk/PROSPERO/ and http://www.clinicaltrials.gov, respectively). Though the endorsement by scientists of such guidance checklists is impressive, no one guidance for observational epidemiologic study pro...

STUDY OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to examine whether there were ethnic differences in polysomnographically recorded sleep, either in the controlled laboratory environment or in the home setting. DESIGN Prospective study of ethnic differences in stress physiology and sleep. SETTING Two sleep recordings were performed on consecutive nights in a hospital-based sleep laboratory, follo...

What generates health? What makes us move in the direction of health? These simple and original questions created an opening to a new way of thinking in health research. It was raised in the late 1970ies by Aaron Antonovsky, a medical sociologists interested in stress theory who had undertaken a traditional epidemiological study on the effects of menopause on women who had undergone extremely s...