In order to test whether prostaglandins (PGs) function as sex pheromones in Hynobius leechii, a salamander that externally fertilizes its eggs, we conducted electro-olfactogram (EOG) studies with 19 PGs, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analyses of female and male holding waters, and behavioral tests on selected PGs. Of the 19 PGs tested, only three induced strong EOG r...

This paper presents a statistical method for identification of ocular artifacts in the electroencephalogram (EEG) records. The occurrence of artifacts in EEG signals is due to various factors, like power line interference, EOG (electrooculogram) and ECG (electrocardiogram). The identification of ocular artifact from scalp EEGs is mandatory for both the automated and visual analysis of underlyin...

In this paper, we developed a wavelet neural network (WNN) algorithm for electroencephalogram (EEG) artifact. The algorithm combines the universal approximation characteristics of neural networks and the time/frequency property of wavelet transform, where the neural network was trained on a simulated dataset with known ground truths. The contribution of this paper is two-fold. First, many which...

PURPOSE To characterize and report the phenotype of a Korean family with an early-onset autosomal dominant macular dystrophy resembling North Carolina macular dystrophy (NCMD). METHODS Five members of a Korean family were examined clinically and underwent fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, optical coherence tomography, full field electroretinogram (ERG...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To specify a simple conversion of neurophysiological signals contained in sleep recordings into standard audio files and to illustrate how our cerebral audio processor can then detect specific signal characteristics. METHODS A software package (freely accessible from the Internet) has been developed that converts signals from standard EDF (or EDF+) format to standard au...

This demo presents a novel paradigm for power-managing a display based on the user’s eye movement. The display power is reduced by dimming the brightness when the user is not attending to the display content, which is determined by sensing the user’s eye movements with the electrooculography technique (EOG). An EOG circuit was designed to pick up the electrical signals generated from eye moveme...

BACKGROUND Wilson's disease is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder resulting from an abnormality of copper metabolism. The excessive accumulation of copper in the brain induces an extrapyramidal syndrome. Oculomotor abnormalities occur in most extrapyramidal disorders but have rarely been studied in Wilson's disease. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the ocular motility manifestations of Wilson's dis...

Calcium plays an essential role in olfactory sensory neuron function. Studies with fish have indicated that in addition to being involved in olfactory signalling, calcium is itself an odourant. In this study we used fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) and employed two different techniques; electro-olfactography (EOG), a neurophysiological technique that measures olfactory acuity at the olfact...

Electrooculography (EOG) recordings in 21 L-DOPA-naive patients suffering from Parkinson's disease (PD) were made before and after apomorphine subcutaneous administration (ASA). The effect of apomorphine on smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEM) was studied. Age-matched healthy subjects, who underwent SPEM recordings without the ASA procedure, were examined in order to compare baseline SPEM. EOG r...

We consider the problem of on-the-fly detection of temporal changes in the cognitive state of human subjects due to varying levels of difficulty of performed tasks using real-time EEG and EOG data. We construct the Cognitive State Indicator (CSI) as a function that projects the multidimensional EEG/EOG signals onto the interval Œ0; 1 by maximizing the Kullback-Leibler distance between distribu...