The effects of CdSO(4) additions on the gene expressions of a mercury reductase, merA, an oxidative stress protein, trxA, the ammonia-monooxygenase enzyme (AMO), amoA, and the hydroxylamine oxidoreductase enzyme (HAO), hao, were examined in continuously cultured N. europaea cells. The reactor was fed 50 mM NH(4)+ and was operated for 78 days with a 6.9 days hydraulic retention time. Over this p...

A fluidized bed system combining two circulating fluidized bed reactors is proposed and investigated for chemical looping combustion using metal oxides as oxygen carriers. The global solids loop starts in one of the two reactors (primary reactor) where solids are entrained, separated from the gas in a cyclone and sent to the other reactor (secondary reactor) via a fluidized loop seal. From the ...

The neutron yield in a D-He reactor is much lower than that in a D-T reactor of equivalent power. Therefore, the rate of neutron damage and gas production in the first wall of D-He reactors is lower by more than an order of magnitude. Whereas different structural materials proposed for use in commercial fusion reactors will last the reactor lifetime of 30 full power years in a D-He reactor, fre...

Reactor control and safety systems are discussed with emphasis on safety considerations. Consideration is given to the importance of reactor characteristics, control and safety system characteristics, the operational program of the reactor, and credible accidents, in a determination of safety of operation. Ecperience with research reactor control and safety systems has led to the development of...

Agricultural, forestry, and food industries produce large amounts of lignocellulosic wastes every year. Land disposal these residues without proper treatment leads to environmental pollution negative health effects. The recent advances in valorization agro-industrial by the production lignocellulolytic enzymes under solid-state fermentation (SSF) are reviewed. SSF is a promising technology enzy...

The synthesis of structured lipids with nutraceutical applications, such as medium-long-medium (MLM) triacylglycerols, via modification oils and fats represents a challenge for the food industry. This study aimed to synthesize MLM-type dietary triacylglycerols by enzymatic acidolysis cottonseed oil capric acid (C10) catalyzed Lipozyme RM IM (lipase from Rhizomucor miehei) in fluidized bed react...

The activity of certain proteolytic enzymes is often an indicator of disease states such as cancer, stroke and neurodegeneracy, so there is a need for rapid assays that can characterize the kinetics and substrate specificity of enzymatic reactions. Nanostructured membranes can efficiently separate biomolecules, but coupling a sensitive detection method to such a membrane remains difficult. Here...