Benzo[c]cinnolines, thieno[3,2-c]cinnolines, pyrido[3,2-c]cinnolines and the previously undescribed quinoxalino[6,7-c]cinnoline ring system are conveniently prepared by a short synthetic route comprised of Suzuki coupling, base-catalysed cyclisation and deoxygenation. The use of tandem borylation-Suzuki coupling further extends the scope of this process to include highly substituted benzo[c]cin...

Deoxygenation of various types of N-oxides including both heterocyclic and alkyl(aryl)amine derivatives has successfully been developed by the copper-catalyzed oxygen atom transfer using diazo compounds as the oxygen acceptor. The reaction proceeds smoothly over a broad range of substrates with excellent functional group tolerance under mild conditions.

The synthesis of chiral tetrahydrofurans and pyrrolidines starting from 1,2-diols or β-amino alcohols, respectively, by visible-light-mediated deoxygenation is described. Easily accessible monoallylated/propargylated substrates were activated either as inexpensive ethyl oxalates or as recyclable 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzoates to generate alkyl radicals suitable for 5-exo-trig/5-exo-dig cycli...

During supramaximal exercise, exacerbated at exhaustion and in hypoxia, the circulatory system is challenged to facilitate oxygen delivery to working tissues through cerebral autoregulation which influences fatigue development and muscle performance. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of normobaric hypoxia on the changes in peripheral and cerebral oxygenation a...

Long, A. G., Quayle, J. R. & Stedman, R. J. (1951). J. chem. Soc. p. 2197. Nason, A. & Little, H. N. (1955). In Method8 ofEnzymology, vol. 1, p. 536. Ed. by Colowick, S. P. & Kaplan, N. 0. New York: Academic Press Inc. Ochoa, S., Mehler, A. H. & Kornberg, A. (1948). J. biol. Chem. 174, 979. Quayle, J. R. & Keech, D. B. (1959a). Nature, Lond., 183, 1794. Quayle, J. R. & Keech, D. B. (1959b). Bio...

Background: The hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is defined as the triad of liver disease, arterial deoxygenation, and pulmonary vascular dilatation. The reported prevalence of HPS in cirrhotic patients varies between 4% and 19%, and various threshold values defining arterial deoxygenation have been used and recommended previously. However, it is not known how the prevalence of HPS differs using ...