This paper explores to what extent secondary policy issues are influenced by electoral incentives. We develop a two dimensional political agency model in which a politician decides on both a frontline policy issue and a secondary policy issue. The model predicts when the incumbent should manipulate the secondary policy to attract voters. We test our model by using panel data on environmental po...

INTRODUCTION Smoke-free policies can effectively protect nonsmokers from secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure in multiunit housing. We surveyed all affordable multiunit housing properties in North Carolina to determine the statewide prevalence of smoke-free policies and to identify predictors of smoke-free policies. METHODS Representatives of affordable housing properties in North Carolina complet...

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence, correlates and changes in secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure over the period after comprehensive smoke-free policy implementation in two Latin American countries. METHODS Data were analysed from population-based representative samples of adult smokers and recent quitters from the 2008 and 2010 waves of the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Sur...

We develop a general framework for multifunctional agriculture, which includes not only public goods but also rural viability as a non-public good item. We contribute to the literature in two ways. First, we demonstrate how the broader definition of multifunctional agriculture differs from the agrienvironmental multifunctionality, and how agri-environmental policy should be reformed to include ...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the impact of workplace smoking restrictions on the prevalence and intensity of smoking among all indoor workers and various demographic and industry groups. DESIGN Detailed cross sectional data on worker self reported characteristics, smoking histories, and workplace smoking policies were used in multivariate statistical models to examine whether workplace smoking polic...

In 1986 the Dutch government started to regulate animal agriculture through the imposition of the phosphate based manure production rights (quotas). Mandatory production control programs affect asset values. Capitalization theory postulates the value of any asset is equal to the present value of its expected future returns. We es timated a reduced form derived land demand model using pooled cro...

Smoke-free policies have been an important tobacco control intervention. As recently as 20 years ago, few communities required workplaces and hospitality venues to be smoke-free, but today approximately 11% of the world's population live in countries with laws that require these places to be smoke-free. This paper briefly summarises important milestones in the history of indoor smoke-free polic...

The role of science in policy making, specifically in the management of complex sociotechnical systems, has been increasing in the past three decades. Particularly in the case of permit processes requiring environmental impact assessment for new projects, such as those covered under the 1969 National Environmental Protection Act (NEPA), science has been the main criteria for sound decision maki...