This paper examines empirically the importance of equity preferences for formation international environmental agreements (IEA) transboundary pollution control. Although it has been shown theoretically that existence among countries considering an IEA increases chances and stability a coalition, empirical assessments such have limited to climate change mitigation single-country studies. We cons...

Can high-quality local governance alleviate the environmental impact of large-scale refugee migration? The recent surge in flows has brought additional challenges to governments Europe, Middle East, and certain regions Africa Asia. In this paper, we focus on case Syrian refugees Turkey show that quality plays a critical role mitigating deterioration. Following World Bank’s Local Governance Perf...

We provide an estimate of the environmental impact recruitment system in economics profession, known as “international job market for economists”. Each year, most graduating PhDs seeking jobs academia, government, or companies participate this market. The follows a standardized process, where candidates are pre-screened short interview which takes place at annual meeting Europe United States. M...

Nowadays, Economic systems play an important role in environment's field. Along with the rapid change in global manufacturing scenario, environmental and social issues are becoming more important in managing any business. Increasing pressures and challenges to improve economic and environmental performance have been caused developing countries in generally in particular to consider and to start...

Voluntary agreements (VA) in environmental policy are gaining in popularity. The reason is that governments perceive them as a cost-efficient instrument preferred by industries to fiscal measures such as taxes or auctioned permits. In this paper we dispute the notion that VA programs are cost-efficient policy instruments. In our analytical framework we demonstrate that VA programs can induce si...

This study addresses one of the major perceived barriers to Total Quality Environmental Management (TQEM): Total Cost Assessment (TCA). Managers have difficulty assessing the impact of TQEM programs because of the lack of appropriate measures. In order for TQEM investments to be given serious consideration, a process is required for measuring, monitoring and evaluating TQEM by appropriately inc...

The separation of graphene grown on metallic catalyst by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is essential for device applications. The transfer techniques of graphene from metallic catalyst to target substrate usually use the chemical etching method to dissolve the metallic catalyst. However, this causes not only high material cost but also environmental contamination in large-scale fabrication. We...

pricing for an insurance policy can be described as the process of calculation of expectedcompensation to be paid to property losers as well as associated costs of potential risks. loss forecast isaccurate if the risks will be identified appropriately in order to calculate the frequency and expected severityof losses.this is particularly important about environmental risks since most of them ap...