OBJECTIVE To determine the extent to which testing of multiple sites and samples is required to define whether a woman is Chlamydia trachomatis-positive. DESIGN One-hundred and fifty women attending the Genitourinary Medicine clinic at St Mary's Hospital were enrolled; they had not received antichlamydial antibiotics in the previous three months, were not in a high-risk group for HIV infectio...

Twenty-four matched pairs of isolates of Pasteurella haemolytica and three matched pairs of isolates of Pasteurella multocida were isolated by using a nasal swab and a transtracheal swab from individual calves with clinical signs of bovine respiratory disease. The identity of each matched pair was confirmed biochemically and serologically. The similarity of the isolates obtained from a nasal sw...

BACKGROUND The global need for disease detection and control has increased effort to engineer point-of-care (POC) tests that are simple, robust, affordable, and non-instrumented. In many POC tests, sample collection involves swabbing the site (e.g., nose, skin), agitating the swab in a fluid to release the sample, and transferring the fluid to a device for analysis. Poor performance in sample t...

Following revised information pertaining to newer swab types and testing protocols in the new CLSI M40-A2 standard, we evaluated three liquid swab transport systems for the recovery of aerobic, anaerobic, and fastidious organisms at room temperature and at 4°C. All tested liquid swab transport systems were fully compliant with the M40-A2 standard, with acceptable performance at both temperature...

Clinical swab heads are often coated with biopolymers to improve the recovery and survival of organisms. To assess the effect of swab head material coating, water absorption capacity and capture and release characteristics of four pathogenic bacteria from protein coated and uncoated flocked swabs were determined. Demonstration of no uniformly higher recovery of all test bacteria from coated swa...

Primary endometrial and endocervical granuloma inguinale (donovanosis) was diagnosed in an 18-year-old Melanesian woman in Papua New Guinea. Granulomatous involvement of the parametrium, salpinges, ovaries, and ureters was associated with ureteric obstruction and bilateral hydronephrosis. Granuloma inguinale of the cervix, labia majora, and anus developed after diagnostic endometrial curettage....

UNLABELLED Intestinal differentiation in the endometrium is rare with only case reports in the international literature. We describe a case of simultaneous endocervical and intestinal-type mucinous differentiation with goblet cells arising in a FIGO grade 1 endometrioid adenocarcinoma. The patient had no involvement of the myometrium, cervix, or extra-uterine sites. There were no intestinal met...

Methods Participants using either DMPA (n=15) or the LNG iUS (n=19) for at least 3 months and women using no hormonal contraceptives (n=24) were recruited. Endocervical curettage, endocervical cytobrush, and endometrial biopsy were obtained from all women. Expression of T cell activation markers, memory/effector differentiation markers and HIV co receptors were assessed by multiparameter flow c...