Until 1804, when Salisbury found that orchid seeds could germinate, the seeds were considered sterile. Much later, in 1889, Bernard's discovery of the special conditions necessary for their growth and development explained the lack of success in previous attempts to obtain plantules, and the success, although mediocre, when sowing of seed took place at the foot of the mother plant. Knowing the ...

BACKGROUND For the detection and sub-cellular (co)-localization of proteins in the context of the tissue or organism immunostaining in whole mount preparations or on sections is still the best approach. So far, each antibody required its own fixation and antigen retrieval protocol so that optimizing immunostaining turned out to be tedious and time consuming. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDING Here...

AIM OF THE STUDY Pilot study to analyse the efficacy and embryo morphology using a new human embryo culture medium (GM501) versus the conventional used medium (ISM1). METHODS Over a four-month period, all patients at the Leuven Institute of Fertility and Embryology (LIFE) were -randomly allocated to have their embryos cultured in either the standard sequential culture medium ISM1 (control) or...

BACKGROUND Despite the clinical outcomes of ovarian stimulation with either GnRH-agonist or GnRH-antagonist analogues for in vitro fertilization (IVF) being well analysed, the effect of analogues on oocyte/embryo quality and embryo development is still not known in detail. The aim of this case-control study was to compare the efficacy of a multiple-dose GnRH antagonist protocol with that of the...

Background: According to Ayurveda, Ambu is one of the four essential factors Garbhasambhav Samugri for formation and development embryo. The word means nutrients growth embryo which it receives from mother. modern science, during implantation, its endometrium. Though some women have normal endometrial thickness, pattern, morphology, still they are unable get impregnated. During peri-implantatio...

The simple nervous system of the nematode C. elegans consists of 302 neurons with highly reproducible morphologies, suggesting a hard-wired program of axon guidance. Surprisingly, we show here that sensory activity shapes sensory axon morphology in C. elegans. A class of mutants with deformed sensory cilia at their dendrite endings have extra axon branches, suggesting that sensory deprivation d...

A new genus of skate (Caliraja gen. nov.) is described based on egg case morphology and the number embryos per case. Caliraja nov. cases differ from those Beringraja by a combination following characteristics: relatively small in size, lacking ridges, fine striations capsule surface, moderately long horns about size compared to much larger that possess distinctly prominent no striations, short ...

There are four genetically distinct components in the developing seeds of flowering plants: maternal sporophyte, gametophyte, endosperm, and embryo. Each component can potentially influence the quantity or quality of nutrients provided to the embryo of its seed, thereby reducing the amount available to embryos in other seeds of that plant. The theory of kin selection predicts that each componen...

The zygote in flowering plants usually divides transversely to form a terminal cell, which gives rise to the embryo proper, and a vacuolated basal cell, which often divides rapidly to form a structure known as the suspensor. Angiosperm suspensors vary widely in size and morphology from a single cell to a massive column of several hundred cells (Maheshwari, 1950; Wardlaw, 1955; Lersten, 1983). I...