Multi-drug tolerance is a key phenotypic property that complicates the sterilization of mammals infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Previous studies have established that iniBAC, an operon that confers multi-drug tolerance to M. bovis BCG through an associated pump-like activity, is induced by the antibiotics isoniazid (INH) and ethambutol (EMB). An improved understanding of the functiona...

Fast food is popular among children and adolescents; however, its consumption has often been associated with negative impacts on nutrition and health. This study examined current fast food consumption status among middle school students and explored factors influencing fast food consumption by applying Theory of Planned Behavior. A total of 354 (52.5% boys) students were recruited from a middle...

Let Emb(Sj, Sn) denote the space of C∞–smooth embeddings of the j–sphere in the n–sphere. This paper considers homotopy-theoretic properties of the family of spaces Emb(Sj, Sn) for n ≥ j > 0. There is a homotopy-equivalence Emb(Sj, Sn) ' SOn+1 ×SOn−j Kn,j where Kn,j is the space of embeddings of Rj in Rn which are standard outside of a ball. The main results of this paper are that Kn,j is (2n−3...

Pyrazinamide (PZA) combined with either ethambutol (EMB) or a fluoroquinolone for 6-12 months is one of the treatments recommended for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in contacts exposed to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). The aim of the present study was to describe the side effects related to combined PZA and EMB treatment given for LTBI, in contacts previously exposed to MDR-T...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the endometrial effects and determine patients' acceptance of transdermal progresterone cream compared to standard hormone therapy. METHODS Healthy menopausal women were recruited and received a pretreatment endometrial biopsy (EMB). They were randomized to 0.625 mg conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) daily and 2.5 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) (Prempro, Wyeth USA) o...

M. smegmatis cells grown in the presence of combination of ethambutol (EMB) and sparfloxacin (SPX) had decreased level of total cellular lipids as compared to control as well as cells grown in the presence of sub-inhibitory concentration (MIC50) of individual drugs. Amongst various phospholipids analyzed, maximum decrease was observed in the content of phosphatidylinositolmannosides (PIMs) of t...

A small but growing body of evidence (SBS, 2004; Beckinsale & Ram, 2006) has indicated that Ethnic Minority Businesses (EMBs) have not adopted Information Communication Technology (ICT) at comparable rates to their non-EMB counterparts, predominantly Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs). With EMBs accounting for almost 10% of businesses in the UK, the economic impact as ICT adoption contin...

We consider two principal bundles of embeddings with total space Emb(M, N), with structure groups Di f f (M) and Di f f+(M), where Di f f+(M) is the groups of orientation preserving diffeomorphisms. The aim of this paper is to describe the structure group of the tangent bundle of the two base manifolds: B(M, N) = Emb(M, N)/Di f f (M) and B+(M, N) = Emb(M, N)/Di f f+(M) from the various properti...

We evaluated a new protocol for the BacT/ALERT MB susceptibility test (bioMérieux Inc., Durham, NC) using 80 Mycobacterium tuberculosis WHO challenge panel strains. The drug susceptibility profiles of these strains are well characterized, and consensus drug resistance results have been established after tests were performed at around 20 international reference laboratories using recommended ref...

BACKGROUND Endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) is the gold standard method for the diagnosis of cellular rejection (CR) after heart transplantation (HT). OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) could detect CR > 3A and add diagnostic information compared to conventional Doppler. METHODS Fifty-four HT patients underwent 129 EMB and a TDI echocardiographic study within 24 h...