The Brushless DC (BLDC) motor is a simple robust machine which has found application over a wide power and speed of ranges in different shapes and geometry. This paper briefly reviews the fundamentals behind the motor and also the different types of BLDC motors with different geometries and then presents a new configuration for BLDC motor/generator, which does not use a permanent magnet in the ...

the output of x-ray, especially in the field of required energy for diagnosing the disease is very low (in diagnosing lamps, it is less than 1%). in this kind of lamps the rest of the electrical energy is transformed to heat. this considerable amount of heat induces a myriad of too many limitations in choosing higher levels of radiation, particularly in specialized techniques. this process is t...

background: a boron neutron capture therapy (bnct) facility, based on a dt neutron generator, with the final goal to find out a potential, alternative, solution to existing bnct treatment facilities which are based on nuclear reactors is examined. materials and methods: with the aim of the mcnp4b monte carlo code different beam-shaping assembly (bsa) configurations were considered. lead was sel...

Executive Summary Performance evaluation of a pulse-jet baghouse operating with AirPol's Gas Suspension Absorption (GSA) process was conducted at TVA's Center for Emissions Research (CER) facility. The baghouse filtered approximately 5000 acfm of flue gas and was operated in two different configurations: in parallel with the electrostatic precipitator (ESP) at an air-to-cloth of 4.0 acfm/ft2 an...

We introduce a new global approach for image dithering, stippling, screening, and sampling. It is inspired by the physical principles of electrostatics. Repelling forces between equally charged particles create a homogeneous distribution in flat areas, while attracting forces from the image brightness values ensure a high approximation quality. Our model is transparent and uses only two intuiti...

In the practice of electrostatically actuated micro devices; the electrostatic force is implemented by sequentially actuated piecewise-electrodes which result in a traveling distributed electrostatic force. However; such force was modeled as a traveling concentrated electrostatic force in literatures. This article; for the first time; presents an analytical study on the stiffness variation of m...

Electrostatic precipitators have been used widely in industry, and play an important role in environmental protection. Electrostatic precipitator (ESP) can be operated with a high collection efficiency and a low pressure drop. Recently, ESP also has been used for cleaning indoor air. In this review, principles of electrostatic precipitation, such as particle charging, migration velocity of char...

A laboratory-scale single-stage electrostatic precipitator (ESP) was designed, built and operated in a wind tunnel. As a "rst step, a series of experiments were conducted to seek the operating conditions for increasing the particle collection e$ciency by varying basic operating parameters including the wire-to-plate spacing, the wire radius, the air velocity, the turbulence intensity and the ap...

Collection of biological particles is the first and critical step for any biological agent detection system. Towards our goal of capturing and detecting airborne biological entities in real time, here we investigate on the design of an electrostatic particle capture system. We report on the capture of airborne 100 nm diameter polystyrene nanoparticles as a model system, in swirling flows under ...

This work concerns electrostatic properties of an ionic solution with multiple ionic species of possibly different ionic sizes. Such properties are described by the minimization of an electrostatic free-energy functional of ionic concentrations. Bounds are obtained for ionic concentrations with low electrostatic free energies. Such bounds are used to show that there exists a unique set of equil...