Where E0 is the standard electrode potential, R is the universal gas constant, T is the absolute temperature, z is the number of moles of electrons transferred in the cell reaction or halfreaction, F is the Faraday-constant, and cox and cred are the concentrations of the oxidized and reduced forms of the component. The potential of the hydrogen electrode is declared to be 0.000 V at all tempera...

We describe the nanofabrication study of self-aligned electrodes on suspended multiwalled carbon nanotube structures. When metal is deposited on a suspended multiwalled carbon nanotube structure, the nanotube acts as an evaporation mask, resulting in the formation of discontinuous electrodes. The metal deposits on the nanotubes are removed with lift-off. Using Al sacrificial layers, it was poss...

There are two current methods to process graphene electrodes over the large scale: graphitization of single crystal SiC [ 9 , 10 ] and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on metal fi lms. [ 3 , 11 , 12 ] Specifi cally for electrodes, CVD-grown graphene has promise in producing electrodes because the fi lms have low resistance, high optical transmittance and fl exibility. [ 3 , 12 ] Several reports ...

Transport in a single planar tunnel junction with electrodes made of a ferromagnetic semiconductor is analyzed theoretically in the zero-temperature limit. Tunneling current and both (in-plane and out-of-plane) components of the spin torque exerted on one of the ferromagnetic electrodes are determined as a function of the angle θ between magnetic moments of the electrodes. The influence of the ...

Our electrodes were typically separated by approximately 1-3 millimeters. However, because the electrodes are flexible and can bend, we are not confident of the separation of individual penetrations, and therefore cannot make a strong statement about how correlations varied as a function of distance. We can, however, separately analyze pairs recorded on the same electrodes versus different elec...

Narrow gaps and a "built-in" potential originating from the different work functions of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and titanium electrodes are used to explain the improved photosensitivity of the poly(3-hexylthiophene) photodetectors with asymmetrical RGO-Ti electrodes presented here compared to those based on symmetrical electrodes. Easy processing, high photosensitivity, high on/off ratio, ...

Airbrushed single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) thin films with sheet resistivity <1 kX/ sq. and transparency >80% are used as electrodes for pentacene and regioregular poly(3hexylthiophene) (P3HT) thin-film transistors (TFTs). Airbrushed SWCNT electrodes show low contact resistance in a bottom-contact configuration, comparable to (in the case of P3HT) or lower than (in the case of pentacene) ...