in this study, the pattern of changes in the values of soil electrical conductivity (ec) and soil temperature (t) under full irrigation treatment (fi) as compared with prd75 and prd55 treatments (partial root-zone drying which received 75 % and 55% water of fi at each irrigation event) was investigated in 1389 on a maize filed in sari university of agricultural sciences and natural resources. r...

Electrochemical methods and processes have been applied for many years in environmental applications such as water/wastewater treatment, recovery of metals, electroplating and qualitative/quantitative analysis in various aqueous media. Among these processes, electro‐ coagulation (EC) has gained many interest due to providing simple, reliable and cost effective operation for the treatment of was...

The global demand for medicinal plants is increasing. The quality of plants grown outdoors, however, is difficult to control. Myriad environmental factors influence plant growth and directly impact biosynthetic pathways, thus affecting the secondary metabolism of bioactive compounds. Plant factories use artificial lighting to increase the quality of medicinal plants and stabilize production. Ph...

Tomato plants (cv. Naomi) were grown until the 8 cluster in a greenhouse during Aug. 1998 – Jan. 1999 using a closed sub-irrigated soilless system. Plants were raised in pots (10 L) filled with peat and pomice (1:2 v:v) substrate. Forty days after transplanting 3 nutrient solutions (NS) with electrical conductivity (EC) of 2, 4, and 6 dS/m were applied to the plants. The ECs were achieved by pr...

A highly disordered pregraphitic carbon nanofiber with the product of its quasi-Fermi wave vector and mean free path close to 1 was fabricated using electrospinning technique. Strong localization made the conductivity vary with temperature as σ [proportional to]Τ-1/2 from 300 to 5 K, suggesting variable range hopping as the conductivity mechanism, and resulted in a large negative magnetoresista...

In the present work, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)–polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)–NH4NO3 with addition of ethylene carbonate (EC) based polymer blend electrolyte (PBE) was explored. The complexes PBE EC revealed that an interaction –OH and –COO? CMC–PVA dissociation H+ from NH4NO3 provides a flexibility pathway for ion hopping. optimum ionic conductivity at room temperature found to be 3.92 × 10?3 S/c...

Single capacitance sensors are sensitive to soil property variability. The objectives of this study were to: (i) establish site-specific laboratory calibration equations of three single capacitance sensors (EC-20, EC-10, and ML2x) for tropical soils, and (ii) evaluate the accuracy and precision of these sensors. Intact soil cores and bulk samples, collected from the top 20 and 80 cm soil depths...

Profound temperature peaks are observed in regions of high velocity shear in a 2D dusty plasma experiment with laser-driven flow. These are attributed to viscous heating, which occurs due to collisional scattering in a shear flow. Using measurements of viscosity, thermal conductivity, and spatial profiles of flow velocity and temperature, we determine three dimensionless numbers: Brinkman, Br =...

It is well known that growth and yield of horticultural crops can be greatly increased by optimizing the nutritional status of the root environment. Based on plant response, involving numerous fertilizer experiments for the different plants and substrates involved, guidelines can be proposed for optimal nutrient solution and pot substrate conditions. The main factors to be considered are sampli...

abstract saturated hydraulic conductivity (ks) is needed for many studies related to water and solute transport, but often cannot be measured because of practical and/or cost-related reasons. nonparametric approaches are being used in various fields to estimate continuous variables. one type of the nonparametric lazy learning algorithms, a k-nearest neighbor (k-nn) algorithm, was introduced and...